Week 9: Muscles of the Hand and Hand Function

Question 1

What is the common origin for the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm?

Answer 1

medial epicondyle of humerus

Question 2

What are the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm?

Answer 2

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 3

What is the distal attachment does pronator teres have?

Answer 3

ulnar tuberosity

Question 4

What is the distal attachment of FCR?

Answer 4

base of the 2nd and 3rd MC

Question 5

What is the distal attachment of palmaris longus?

Answer 5

palmar fascia

Question 6

What is the distal attachment of FCU?

Answer 6

pisiform and base of 5th MC

Question 7

What is the distal attachment of FDS?

Answer 7

middle phalanges (2-5)

Question 8

What are the deep muscles of the anterior forearm?

Answer 8

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicus longus, pronator quadratus

Question 9

What are the attachments of FDP?

Answer 9

ulna and interosseous membrane to distal phalanges (2-5)

Question 10

What are the attachments of FPL?

Answer 10

radius and interosseous membrane to distal phalanx 1

Question 11

What are the attachments of pronator quadratus?

Answer 11

anterior surface of ulna to anterior surface of radius

Question 12

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior forearm?

Answer 12

extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 13

What is the common origin of the superficial muscles of the posterior forearm?

Answer 13

lateral epicondyle

Question 14

What is the distal attachment of ECRL?

Answer 14

2nd MC

Question 15

What is the distal attachment of ECRB?

Answer 15

3rd MC

Question 16

What is the distal attachment of ED?

Answer 16

extensor expansions of digits 2-5

Question 17

What is the distal attachment of EDM?

Answer 17

extensor expansion of digit 5

Question 18

What is the distal attachment of ECU?

Answer 18

5th MC

Question 19

What are the deep muscles of the posterior forearm?

Answer 19

Abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis

Question 20

What are the attachments of abductor pollicis longus?

Answer 20

posterior surface of proximal half of radius, ulna and interosseous membrane to 1st MC

Question 21

What are the attachments of extensor pollicis brevis?

Answer 21

posterior surface of distal third of radius and interosseous membrane to proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 22

What are the attachments of extensor pollicis longus?

Answer 22

posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane to distal phalanx of thumb

Question 23

What are the attachments of extensor indicis?

Answer 23

posterior surface of distal third of ulna and interosseous membrane to extensor expansion of index finger

Question 24

What are the muscles in the thenar eminence?

Answer 24

opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis

Question 25

What are the muscles in the hypothenar eminence?

Answer 25

opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi

Question 26

What are the attachments of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 26

pisiform bone and flexor retinaculum to proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 27

What are the attachments of abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 27

scaphoid, trapezium and flexor retinaculum to proximal phalax of thumb

Question 28

What are the attachments of flexor digiti minimi?

Answer 28

hamate to proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 29

What are the attachments of flexor pollicis brevis?

Answer 29

trapezium and flexor retinaculum to proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 30

What are the attachments of opponens digiti minimi?

Answer 30

hamate and flexor retinaculum to 5th MC

Question 31

What are the attachments of opponens pollicis?

Answer 31

trapezium and flexor retinaculum to 1st MC

Question 32

What are the attachments of adductor pollicis?

Answer 32

oblique head= capitate, palmar bases of 2nd and 3rd MC to medial base of proximal phalanx of thumb transverse head= palmar base of 3rd MC to medial base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 33

What are the attachments of the lumbricals?

Answer 33

FDP tendons to lateral side of extensor expansions of digits 2-5

Question 34

What are the attachments of the palmar interossei?

Answer 34

digit 2= ulnar side of 2nd MC to ulnar base of proximal phalanx digit 4 and 5= radial side of MC to radial base of proximal phalanx

Question 35

What are the attachments of the dorsal interossei?

Answer 35

digits 3 and 4= ulnar side to extensor expansion | digits 2 and 3= radial side to extensor expansion

Question 36

What are the functions of sheaths?

Answer 36

facilitate smooth gliding of tendons, create a mechanical advantage, maintains tendon health via synovial fluid supply

Question 37

What are the functions of the palmar aponeurosis?

Answer 37

strengthens the hand for gripping, protect underlying vessels and nerves, vertical septa fibres form compartments

Question 38

What is the role of the wrist joint complex in a power grip?

Answer 38

provide a stable base to grip, move through range to control the tool/object

Question 39

What is the tole of the wrist joint in a precision grip?

Answer 39

provide a stable base, optimize length tension relationship for longer finger muscles