week 9: hormonal regulation, neurons Flashcards
__________ are chemical signals that are secreted into the circulatory system and communicate regulatory messages within the body
hormones
what system of chemical signaling uses hormones
endocrine system
what are the three major classes of hormones?
polypeptides
steroids
amines
what is the difference between polypeptides and amines compared to steroids
polypeptides and amines are water soluble where as steroids are lipid-soluble
what method is used when secreting water soluble hormones?
exocytosis
what do hormones bind to in the cell
cytoplasm or the nucleus of the target cell
where do peptide hormones bind
they don not enter the cell but bind to the receptor proteins on the cell membrane
is the response to a peptide hormone fast or slow?
fast
where do steroid hormones bind in the cell?
enter through the membrane and bind to the receptors inside the cell
is the response from steroid hormones fast or slow; and why?
slow
because the steroids work by triggering gene activity
what hormones may have a different affect on different parts of the body
adrenaline and epinephrine effect the sympathetic and para-sympathetic systems differently
what are two ways hormone pathways are inhibited/regulated
negative feedback
positive feedback
what is the role of the hypothalamus
receive information from the nervous system and initiate response through the endocrine system
___________receives information from the nervous system and initiates responses through the endocrine system
the hypothalamus
what is attached to the hypothalamus
pituitary gland
