Week 9 - Gastroenterology

Question 1

If patient reports pain and difficulty swallowing, what tests and exams should be performed?

Answer 1

Chest exam (auscultation)
Throat exam
Esophago-gastroscopy
CBC

Question 2

Esophagitis is _______

Answer 2

Mallory-Weiss lesions of the esophagus caused by repeated forced vomiting

Question 3

Anorexia Nervosa affects ______ of adolescent and young females

Answer 3

1%

Question 4

Gastroesophageal reflux disease indicates ________

Answer 4

incompetence of lower esophageal sphincter

Question 5

List complications of GERD

Answer 5

esophagitis with odynophagia
esophageal stricture
esophageal ulcer
Barrett’s metaplasia

Question 6

List types of GI bleeding

Answer 6

hemateemesis
hematochezia
melena
occult chronic bleeding from GI tract

Question 7

Gastritis is __________. Two types of gastritis are _______

Answer 7

inflammation of the gastric mucosa

acute erosive gastritis
chronic erosive gastritis

Question 8

List tests for H. Pylori

Answer 8

Blood antibody test
Urea breath test
Stool antigen test
Stomach biopsy

Question 9

Compare symptoms of gastric ulcer vs. duodenal ulcer

Answer 9

Gastric ulcer - inconsistent, bloating, nausea, vomiting

Duodenal ulcer - consistent, no pain at awakening, midmorning pain alleviated by food, recurs every 2-3 hours after meals, pain awakens patient at night (better w/ snack)

Question 10

How is gastric/duodenal ulcer diagnosed?

Answer 10

fiberoptic endoscopy or gastroscopy

Question 11

List complications of H. pylori infection

Answer 11

hemorrhage
penetration
free perforation
gastric outlet obstruction
stomach cancer

Question 12

List signs and symptoms of stomach cancer

Answer 12

fatigue, bloating after meals, full after small amount of food, severe and persistent heartburn, sever and unrelenting indigestion, stomach pain, persistent nausea, persistent vomit, unintentional weight loss

Question 13

List exams and test when suspecting GI infection

Answer 13

dehydration signs, abdominal exam, CBC, stool culture

Question 14

The most common bacterial causes of diarrheal illness in US are ___________

Answer 14

salmonella

campylobacter

Question 15

The most common viral cause of diarrheal illness in the US are _________

Answer 15

Rotavirus

Norovirus

Question 16

List common patterns of Crohn’s disease

Answer 16

RLQ pain and tenderness
intestinal stenosis
jejunoileitis - malnutrition, chronic debility
abdominal fistulas, abcesses, painful abdominal mass

Question 17

How is Crohn’s diesase diagnosed?

Answer 17

X-ray
Barium enema x-ray
Colonoscopy, biopsy

Question 18

IBS tends to begin in _____ decades of life

Some patients with IBS express ______ as GI complaint

Answer 18

2nd and 3rd

emotional conflict

Question 19

List signs and symptoms of IBS

Answer 19

pain relieved by defecation
alternating pattern of bowel habits
abdominal distention
mucus in stool
sensation of incomplete evacuation after defection

Question 20

The two major clinical types of IBS are _________

Answer 20

constipation-predominant IBS

diarrhea-predominant IBS

Question 21

IBS is diagnosed by ___________

Answer 21

proctosigmoidoscopy

Question 22

IBS can be confused with illnesses such as ________

Answer 22

lactose intolerance, diverticular disease, drug-induced diarrhea, laxative abuse

Question 23

List signs and symptoms of colon cancer

Answer 23

change in bowel habits
rectal bleeding
blood in stool
persistent abdominal discomfort
feeling of incomplete bowel movements
weakness/fatigue
unexplained weight loss

Question 24

List risk factors for colon cancer

Answer 24

age >50
african american
personal history of colorectal cancer or polyps
inflammatory intestinal conditions
family history of colon cancer
low-fiber, high fat diet
sedentary lifestyle
diabetes
obesity
smoking
alcohol
radiation therapy for cancer

Question 25

How is colon caner diagnosed?

Answer 25

colonoscopy
biopsy
blood test