Hepatology

Question 1

List signs and symptoms of cholestasis

Answer 1

jaundice, dark urine, pale stools, generalized pruritus

Question 2

Intrahepatic cholestasis is generally caused by _______

Answer 2

heavy alcohol ingestion, cholestatic drugs (e.g. acetominophen), chronic hepatocellular disease

Question 3

Extrahepatic cholestasis is generally caused by _____

Answer 3

gall stone, tumor, pancreatitis, benign stricture of common duct

Question 4

Tests to diagnose cholestasis include ________

Answer 4

CBC
Liver function test
Ultrasound
CT
MRI
Liver biopsy

Question 5

Gilbert’s syndrome is ______

Answer 5

an inherited gene mutation in which liver doesn’t properly process bilirubin

Question 6

Some conditions that can cause jaundice in people with Gilbert’s syndrome include __________

Answer 6

illness, fasting, low cal diet, dehydration, menstruation, stress, strenuous exercise, lack of sleep

Question 7

List signs and symptoms of alcoholic liver disease

Answer 7

Vascular spiders, hyperestrogenism (gynecomastia)
hypoandorgenism (low libido, impotence)
fatigue, fever, jaundice, RU quadrant pain, hepatic bruit, tender hepatomegaly, leukocytosis

Question 8

Alcoholic hepatitis is diagnosed by _______

The treatment for alcoholic liver disease is _________

Answer 8

liver biopsy

stop drinking alcohol

Question 9

Most cases of acute pancreatitis are due to ______

Answer 9

biliary tract disease

alcoholism

Question 10

Acute pancreatitis signs and symptoms include _______

Answer 10

upper abdominal pain
abdominal pain radiating to back
abdominal pain worse after eating
nausea
vomiting
tender abdomen

Question 11

Treatment for acuate pancreatitis is __________

Answer 11

fasting, pain medication, intravenous fluids

Question 12

_____ should be considered in the differential diagnosis of every acute abdomen.

Answer 12

Acute pancreatitis

Question 13

HBV can be detected in serum by immunologic means as _________

Answer 13

hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)

Question 14

Hepatitis signs and symptoms vary from ____________, depending on the patient’s immune response and other poorly
understood virus-host factors

Answer 14

a minor flu-like illness to fulminant, fatal liver

failure

Question 15

Hepatitis A is diagnosed by ________

Diagnosis of hepatitis C is based on the presence of __________

Answer 15

detecting IgM antibody

serum antibody
anti-HCV

Question 16

List signs and symptoms of acute liver failure

Answer 16

Yellowing of your skin and eyeballs (jaundice)
• Pain in your upper right abdomen
• Abdominal swelling
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• A general sense of feeling unwell (malaise)
• Disorientation or confusion
• Sleepiness

Question 17

Potential causes of acute liver failure include ______

Answer 17

acetaminophen overdose
herbal supplements
toxins (e.g. poisonous mushrooms)