Week 3 - Cardiology Flashcards
Dyspnea is ________
sensation of difficulty breathing
Orthopnea is ________. It can indicate ________
breathing difficulty lying down
Heart failure, panic disorder, hypertension, obesity, sleep apnea, snoring, cor pulmonale
Heart failure is a condition where _______. It causes _______
the heart cannot pump enough blood throughout the body.
blood and fluid “back up” into the lungs
buildup of fluid in lower extremities
tiredness, SOB
LHF can be caused by __________
HBP, obesity, aortic valve insufficiency/stenosis, cardiomyopathy
RHF can be caused by ________
COPD (cor pulomnale, mitral valve pathology)
Symptoms of heart failure include ________
sudden weight gain SOB at rest swelling of legs, abdomen trouble sleeping frequent dry, hacking cough loss of appetite increased fatigue
Cor pulmonale is defined as _________.
_____ is the common link between ______ dysfunction and the heart in cor pulmonale
an alteration in structure and function of right ventricle caused by primary disorder of respiratory system,
Pulmonary hypertension
lung
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is __________
a bulging of one or both mitral valve leaflets into letft atrium during systole, commonly producing a crisp systolic sound or click and a delayed or late systolic mitral regurgitation murmr.
MVP is diagnosed by __________
auscultation
Mitral regurgitation is ________
retrograde flow from left ventricle through an incompetent mitral valve into left atrium
Mitral stenosis is _______
obstruction of flow from left atrium to left ventricle because of a narrowed mitral orifice.
Mitral stenosis in adults is almost always caused by _______
previous rheumatic fever.
A heart controlled by the SA node is said to be in normal ____________
sinus rhythm
In bradycardia, EKG shows __________
RR interval is longer
Grave’s disease is _________
an autoimmune disease that causes overactivity of the thyroid gland
