Week 5 - Urology

Question 1

Acute renal failure (prerenal) is indicated by _________ and is a normal response to ______

Answer 1

oliguria, reduced GFR, enhanced Na+ and water resorption

ineffective circulating blood volume

Question 2

Acute renal failure (postrenal) is indicated by _________ is of often caused by _______

Answer 2

sudden cessation of urinary output

bladder outlet obstruction

Question 3

Mechanisms of acute renal failure (renal) include _______

Answer 3

marked decrease in renal blood flow

reduce glomerular permeability

tubular obstruction, interstitial swelling or blockage from cellular debris

diffusion of glomerular filtrate across injured tubular epithelium

Question 4

Acute renal failure (renal) with anuria suggests _______

Answer 4

bilateral artery occlusion

obstructive uropathy

acute cortical necrosis

rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Question 5

Diagnostic for acute renal failure is ___________

Answer 5

progressive rapid daily rise in serum creatinine

Question 6

The most common cause of chronic renal failure is ________ followed by ________

Answer 6

diabetic nephropathy

hypertensive nephroangiosclerosis

Question 7

Signs and symptoms of chronic renal failure include _______

Answer 7

nocturia, lassitude, fatigue, decreased mental acuity (uremia)

Question 8

The definitive diagnostic tool for chronic renal failure is ________

Answer 8

renal biopsy

Question 9

What drugs can cause glomerulonephritis?

Answer 9

NSAIDS

Question 10

Pyelonephritis is _________

Answer 10

bacterial infection of the kidney parenchyma