Week 9 Flashcards by User Unknown

Q

1909: First labour strike. Women led. Protest for better pay and working conditions.

A

Apparel Industry

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Q

Apparel industry is the largest employer in the world

A

Apparel Industry

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Q

Incredible income disparity (ex. Lebron James)

A

Apparel Industry

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Q

Largely female workforce (Protests have been women-led)

A

Apparel Industry

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Q

A system in which we have the organization and regulation of resources, production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.

A

Economy

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Q

System is organized based on supply and demand.

A

Market Economy

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Q

No controls. Prices aren’t artificially lowered or raised by a controlling agency (ie. Government). Regulated by consumer demand (capitalism).

A

Free/Open Market:

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Q

Also ‘command economy’. Planning and commanding of economy is done by government (socialism/communism).

A

Planned Economy

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Q

Segments of the economy are market-based, some are planned (ex. Canada).

A

Mixed Economy

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Q

Natural resources

Ex. Nepal

A

Post-Industrial Economy:

Primary Sector

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Q

Manufacturing

Industry

A

Post-Industrial Economy:

Secondary Sector

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Q

Service industries

Ex. USA

A

Post-Industrial Economy:

Tertiary Sector

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Q

Global division of labour

Supply chains are multinational

A

Global economy

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Q

Progress is beneficial to society.

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development

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Q

Progress moves in only one direction

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development

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Q

Modernization = progress

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development

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Q

Loss of distinction

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development

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Q

Pre-Modernization: traditional society. Resource-based economy. Limited trade. Face-to-face business. Familiarity, family relationships. No scientific knowledge of the world. (stage 1)

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development:

Stages

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Q

Preconditions to Take-Off: Regional trade networks. Economy gets larger. Society develops. (stage 2)

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development:

Stages

Q

Take-Off: Period of rapid industrialization/mechanization.(stage 3)

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development

:Stages

Q

Drive to Maturity (stage 4)

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development:

Stages

Q

High Mass Consumption: Only possible in a capitalist system/free market. Most consumer choice. Mass production. (stage 5)

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development:

Stages

Q

Responsibility of 1st world countries to aid third world countries

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development:

Role of Rich Nations

Q

Control population growth (less children)

A

Modernization Theory of Economic Development:

Role of Rich Nations

Increase food production

Modernization Theory of Economic Development: | Role of Rich Nations

Introduce high technology

Modernization Theory of Economic Development: | Role of Rich Nations

Provide financial assistance

Modernization Theory of Economic Development: | Role of Rich Nations

Unequal relation between first and third world nations

Dependency Theory

Born out of resistance to modernization theory

Dependency Theory

Established in the 60s and 70s

Dependency Theory

If poverty is structural, the economy is keeping these countries poor and first world countries rich (capitalism)

Dependency Theory: | Why 1st world countries aren't improving

Third world countries are dependent and have no agency

Dependency Theory: | Why 1st world countries aren't improving

Neocolonialism: Colonizers are now transnational corporations

Dependency Theory: | Why 1st world countries aren't improving

Periphery Countries: Poor countries are in charge, they are the consumers.

Capitalist World System, Wallerstein

Semi-Periphery Countries

Capitalist World System, Wallerstein

Core Countries: Most developed

Capitalist World System, Wallerstein

#1 employer in developing countries

Globalization and the Textile and Garment Industries

Provides acceptable job and financial independence for women

Globalization and the Textile and Garment Industries

Affordability of fashion made this possible

Globalization and the Textile and Garment Industries

Each step in manufacturing process increases the value

Buyer-Driven Value Chain

Buyers are setting the prices

Buyer-Driven Value Chain

Consumers are creating a demand for cheaper and cheaper apparel

Buyer-Driven Value Chain

Consumers and retailers are located where apparel is not manufactured

Buyer-Driven Value Chain

Manufacturers focus of brand (Brand perception vs. product)

Manufacturers without Factories

No legal obligations to their workers or the environment

Manufacturers without Factories

Clothing production: A race to the bottom? | Will this happen in other industries (seeking out cheapest resources and labour for maximal profit)?

Manufacturers without Factories