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Upper Extremity Prosthetics > Week 9 > Flashcards

Week 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the aspects of the fair-lead cable?

A

Split at the elbow

Allows it to control multiple functions

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2
Q

Where is the proximal portion of the split housing attached?

A

Posterior humeral section

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3
Q

How is the proximal portion of the split housing attached?

A

Baseplate and retainer

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4
Q

What is the proximal distal and medial lateral position of the proximal portion of the split housing determined by?

A

A straight line from cross-point TD with the elbow extended.

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5
Q

Where is the distal housing portion attached?

A

Forearm

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6
Q

How is the distal housing attached?

A

Via “Elbow Flexion Attachement”

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7
Q

Where does the cable route originate?

A

At the control attachment strap of harness.

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8
Q

Where does the cable route pass through proximally?

A

proximal housing

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9
Q

Where is the cable exposed on the cable route?

A

Anterior to mechanical elbow joint axis

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10
Q

Where does the cable route pass through distally?

A

Distal portion of split housing of the forearm and through the elbow flexion attachement

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11
Q

Where does the cable route terminate?

A

At the TD

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12
Q

What occurs because the housing is split?

A

Tension on control cable

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13
Q

What happens when the elbow is unlocked?

A

Flexes elbow

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14
Q

What happens when the elbow is locked?

A

Opens terminal device

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15
Q

What is determined by the Elbow Flexion Attachment point?

A

Ease of elbow flexion operation

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16
Q

What occurs when the Elbow Flexion Attachment is close to the mechanical elbow axis?

A

Less cable excursion required

More force required

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17
Q

What occurs when the Elbow Flexion Attachment is far from the mechanical elbow axis?

A

More cable excursion required

Less force required

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18
Q

What is the general starting position of the Elbow Flexion Attachment?

A

1 1/4 in distal to elbow axis
1 in anterior to elbow axis
Determined for each patient

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19
Q

For harnessing, what is the excursion required for transradials?

A

5cm (2in)

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20
Q

For harnessing, what is the excursion required for transhumerals?

A

11.3 cm (4 1/2 in)

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21
Q

What are the six different parts of the Figure 8 harness?

A 
Axilla loop
Anterior support strap
Lateral support strap
Control strap
Elbow lock control strap
Cross point
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22
Q

What is the position of the cross point?

A

just to non-amputated side

Distal to C7

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23
Q

Where does the Axilla loop attach?

A

to the cross point

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24
Q

What is the main objective of the Axilla loop?

A

Anchor for other harness components

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25
Q

Why do some straps attach to the Axilla Loop?

A

For control

Suspension

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26
Q

What is not used for transhumerals at the cross point?

A

A northwestern ring because it provides too much freedom.

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27
Q

What is the anterior support strap also known as?

A

Elastic suspension strap

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28
Q

Where does the anterior support strap originate?

A

At the cross point

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29
Q

Where does the anterior support strap cross through?

A

The delto-pectoral groove

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30
Q

Where does the anterior support strap attach?

A

The distal anterior humeral section

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31
Q

Where is the anterior support strap elastic?

A

Distal 2/3

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32
Q

What is the purpose of the anterior support strap?

A

Helps suspend prosthesis
Helps prevent external rotation
Helps “cock” the elbow lock

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33
Q

Where does the elbow lock strap originate?

A

On the upper non-elastic portion of the anterior support strap

34
Q

Where does the distal end of the elbow lock strap attache?

A

To the elbow lock control cable

35
Q

How much excursion is required of the elbow lock strap?

A

1.3 cm

36
Q

Where does the lateral support strap originate?

A

Just posterior to the highest point of the axilla strap

37
Q

Where is the lateral support strap stitched to?

A

The anterior support strap

38
Q

Where does the lateral support strap attach?

A

Close to proximal socket trim line

39
Q

What does the lateral support strap do?

A

Suspends

Helps limit external rotation when control cable engaged

40
Q

Where does the control cable originate?

A

The cross point

41
Q

Where does the control cable run?

A

Obliquely downward across the back, mid-scapula

42
Q

What occurs when the control cable is too high?

A

Not enough cable excusion to operate elbow and TD

43
Q

What occurs when the control cable is too low?

A

Requires too much force to operate

44
Q

Where does the cross-back strap originate?

A

Axilla loop close to posterior axillary fold

45
Q

Where does the cross-back strap pass?

A

Horizontally across the back

46
Q

Where does the cross-back strap terminate?

A

at the distal end of the control strap just proximal to hanger adjustable buckle

47
Q

What is the purpose of the cross-back strap?

A

Helps reduce the vertically directed force of the Axillary loop
Helps prevent superior migration of cross point
Helps keep the control cable in the mid-scapula position

48
Q

What is the challenge of the shoulder saddle harness?

A

Requires need for excursion in transhumeral

49
Q

When can the shoulder saddle harness be used?

A

When needing to distribute the forces caused by unusually heavy use.

50
Q

What are the differences for bilateral transhumeral harnessing?

A

Figure 8 harness has no axillary loop

has over the shoulder strap

51
Q

What is essential for bilateral transhumeral harnessing?

A

cross back strap

52
Q

Where is the shoulder strap stitched for bilateral tranhumeral harnessing?

A

To control strap, lateral strap and Anterior support strap

53
Q

What are the transhumeral control motions?

A

Gleno-humeral flexion

Bi-scapular abduction

54
Q

What are the elbow lock control motions of tranhumerals?

A

Slight glenohumeral extension
Slight gleno-humeral abduction
Slight shoulder depression

55
Q

What are the control motions for a shoulder disarticulation?

A

Bi-scapular abduction

56
Q

How is shoulder disarticulation best harnessed?

A

By chest strap

57
Q

Where does the chest strap originate for shoulder disarticulations?

A

Buckle anterior surface of shoulder cap

58
Q

Where does the chest strap run?

A

Horizontally across chest and inferior to the axilla of non-amputated side

59
Q

Where does the chest strap terminate?

A

posteriorly on the proximal end of the elbow flexion/terminal device control cable

60
Q

Where does the elastic suspension strap attach posteriorly?

A

To the horizontal strap about midline

61
Q

Where does the elastic suspension strap attach anteriorly?

A

To the proximal surface of the socket shoulder cap

62
Q

Where does the elastic suspension strap pass over?

A

The shoulder along a diagonal path

63
Q

What does bi-scapular abduction produce and what is it lacking?

A

Produces good power, but little excursion

64
Q

What can provide increased excursion?

A

Excursion amplifier

65
Q

Where does the control cable originate for the excursion amplifier?

A

posterior surface of the socket

66
Q

Where does the excursion amplifier control cable pass through?

A

A small pulley that is attached to the posterior horizontal harness strap via a hanger

67
Q

Where does the excursion amplifier control cable enter?

A

The proximal opening of the split housing

68
Q

What changes with the base-plate and retainer for a excursion amplifier?

A

They are Mounted more proximal than with transhumeral prostheses.

69
Q

How much excurion is produced with 2.5cm of bi-scapular abduction?

A

5cm excursion

70
Q

For the elbow lock, what makes up the anterior harness?

A 
Anterior strap:
Superior leg is non-elastic
Inferior leg is elastic
Control strap:
non-elastic 
elastic
71
Q

Where does the control strap originate on the anterior harness of the elbow lock?

A

On chest strap

72
Q

Where does the non-elastic portion attach of the anterior harness control strap of the elbow lock attach?

A

The lock control cable

73
Q

Where does the elastic portion of the anterior harness control strap of the elbow lock attach?

A

The socket midway between the two legs of the bifurcated straps

74
Q

What control motion is used for the elbow lock?

A

Bi-scapular adduction

75
Q

What is an option for waste belt lock control strap?

A

Anchor strap

76
Q

Where does the anchor strap wrap?

A

Around the waist

77
Q

Where does the control strap attach for the anchor strap?

A

Obliquely to anchor strap

78
Q

Where does the anchor strap attach?

A

To the lock control cable on medial socket brim

79
Q

What is the control motion of the anchor strap?

A

Amputated side shoulder elevation

80
Q

Where is the nudge elbow unlock placed?

A

With in reach of the patient’s chin

81
Q

What is the control motion of the nudge elbow unlock?

A

Chin nudges the lever to lock and un-lock

82
Q

When are nudge elbow unlocks used?

A

For most severe involved patients

Upper Extremity Prosthetics (14 decks)

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