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Upper Extremity Prosthetics > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the challenges for partial hand prosthetics?

A

Little room for components
cosmetically difficult
functionality limited with many designs

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2
Q

What are the different partial hand amputation level classifications?

A

Transphalangeal: thumb spared
Thenar partial or complete
Transmetacarpal, distal: thumb spared or involved
Transmetacarpal, proximal: Thumb spared or involved

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3
Q

What are the challenges for transphalangeal?

A

Difficulty holding small objects
Body image
Fine motor like typing can be painful and difficult

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4
Q

Do transphalangeal use a prosthesis?

A

No, most don’t

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5
Q

What are transphalangeal prosthetic options?

A 
cosmetic
Functional non-articulated
positional 
positional with "touch"
Active body powered
Externally powered
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6
Q

What are the two types of transphalangeal cosmetic prostheses?

A

Silicone

Vinyl

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7
Q

What are the aspects of the silicone cosmetic prosthesis?

A

Durable-non staining
realistic
high cost
long turn around

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8
Q

What are the aspects of the vinyl cosmetic prosthesis?

A

Less durable-stains
mass produced
less expensive
do it in the office

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9
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-phalangeal cosmetic prostheses?

A

cosmetic
protects residuum
some function: physiologic length, keyboard

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal cosmetic prostheses?

A

Less function: no articulation
decreased sensation
less durable: rugged activity destroys

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11
Q

What is the transphalangeal functional prosthesis/

A

3D printing finger tip-plastic

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12
Q

What are the advantages of the transphalangeal functional 3D prosthesis?

A

Extremely durable

very inexpensive

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal functional 3D prosthesis?

A

less cosmetic

less gripping strength: reduced friction articular surface due to hard material

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14
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-phalangeal functional static opposition post?

A

Provides opposition
can be made for specific tools
inexpensive

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15
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal functional static opposition post?

A

cosmetics

does not allow for multi-positions

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16
Q

What is the trans-phalangeal positional?

A

Friction joints placed to desired position

cosmetic silicone cover

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17
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-phalangeal positional?

A

preposition for function

more cosmetic than rigid functional

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18
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal positional?

A

no active articulation: limits prehension ability

less cosmetic than passive

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19
Q

What are trans-phalangeal sense of touch?

A

Friction joints with liquid filled bladder to transmit forces to residuum.
Invented by Leticia Cervantes industrial designer

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20
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-phalangeal sense of touch?

A

grip feedback

pre-positional

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21
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal sense of touch?

A

less cosmetic

no active prehension

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22
Q

What does the trans-phalangeal mechanical work with?

A

multi-axes capturing and projecting proximal joint motion

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23
Q

What are the three types of trans-phalangeal mechanical prostheses?

A

x-finger from Didrick Medical
Bio-mechanical Prosthetic Finger (BPF) from RCM Enterprises
M-fingers from liberating technologies

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24
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-phalangeal mechancial?

A

increased function-due to articulation
can hold different shapes
x-finger: great ROM
BPF: plastic, durable

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25
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal Mechanical?

A

less cosmetic
Less durable than static
x-finger: insecure hold, long wait
BPF: decreased ROM

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26
Q

What are the aspects of the M-Fingers?

A

Whole or partial finger replacement

Body powered: wrist flex-finger flex, wrist extend-finger extend

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27
Q

What are the advantages of the M-fingers?

A

increased fuction
stronger grip force
more durable

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28
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal M-fingers?

A

less cosmetic
increased bulk
increased fabrication time

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29
Q

What are the trans-phalangeal externally powered devices?

A

Vincent fingers- Vincent systems, shorter-motor in finger itself
ProDigits- touch bionics, too long for finger replacement

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30
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-phalangeal externally powered prostheses?

A

increased dexterity
increased power
less bulk
high tech look

31
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-phalangeal externally powered prostheses?

A

can’t go in water
less cosmetic than passive
more bulk than passive

32
Q

What are the challenges of the Thenar partial or complete?

A

no opposition for finger grip
more debilitating than finger amputation
fewer functional options

33
Q

What are the different types of Thenar prostheses?

A 
cosmetic
static opposition post cosmetic
Static opposition post functional
positional thumb
Active external powered thumb
34
Q

What are the advantages of the thenar static opposition post cosmetic?

A

provides opposition for finger grips
greatly increased function
cosmetic
protects the residuum

35
Q

What are the disadvantages of the Thenar static opposition post cosmetic?

A

static opposition-can’t change thumb position
less function than articulated thmbs
custom very expensive

36
Q

What is the Thenar Static Opposition post functional made of?

A

Plastic
Wood
Carbon

37
Q

What are the advantages of the Thenar static opposition post functional?

A

Simple
low cost
provides opposition

38
Q

What are the disadvantages of the Thenar Static opposition post functional?

A

less cosmetic

only one position for opposition

39
Q

What are the two types of Thenar positional thumbs?

A

M-finger from liberating technologies

Robin Aides-may no longer be avaliable

40
Q

What are the advantages of the Thenar positional thumb?

A

different positions

finger opposition

41
Q

What are the disadvantages of the Thenar positional thumb?

A

less cosmetic
cannot-ab/adduct
no active positioning

42
Q

What is an active external powered thumb?

A

ProDigits from Touch Bionics

43
Q

What are the advantages of the Active external powered thumb?

A

increased dexterity-active positioning
increased power
high tech look
can have cosmetic cover

44
Q

What are the disadvantages of the active external powered thumb?

A

cost-no medicare medicaid

cannot go in water

45
Q

What is trans-carpel proximal or distal?

A

no fingers or thumb

46
Q

What are the options for the trans-carpel proximal or distal?

A 
cosmetic
static post
positional post
activity specific
wrist driven
body powered
external powered
47
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpel proximal or distal cosmetic?

A

most cosmetic

gross motor bi-manual grasp

48
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpel proximal or distal cosmetic?

A

little function

low durability

49
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal static post/

A

simple
inexpensive
strong grip determined by force generated with feedback

50
Q

what are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal static post?

A

cosmesis

limited grip opening

51
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal CAPP multi-positional post?

A

provides opposition
grip strength with feedback
positioned at 30 and 54 degrees
can be folded out of the way

52
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal CAPP multi-positional post?

A

cosmetics

53
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal tool specific?

A

specific tasks
low cost
ease of donning/doffing
with other devices

54
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal tool specific?

A

cosmetics

55
Q

What is the trans carpal wrist driven?

A

custom fabricated with movable wrist section clamps onto thumb

56
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal wrist driven?

A

strong grip with feedback

more cosmetic than post

57
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal wrist driven?

A

cosmesis

fine motor control

58
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal wrist driven 3D printed?

A 
simple to favricate
functional grasp
extremely inexpensive
parts easily replaced
feedback on grip strength
59
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal wrist driven 3D printed?

A

less cosmetic

less functional than external powered

60
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal wrist driven M- fingers?

A

more cosmetic
fine motor prehension
grip strength with feedback
opposable thumb

61
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal wrist driven M-fingers?

A

cosmesis
bulky
lighter than external power

62
Q

How do the M- fingers move?

A

wrist extension=finger extension

wrist flexion= finger flexion

63
Q

What are the aspects of the trans-carpal body powered VO or VC hook cable operated?

A

hook mounted in medial palm area
bowden cable
figure 9
operates glenohumeral flexion, biscapular abduction

64
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal VO VC hook cable operated?

A

fine prehension

if no wrist movement cable control

65
Q

What are the disadvantages of the Trans-Carpal VO VC hook cable operated?

A

cosmesis
harness and cable
bulky

66
Q

What is the trans-carpal external powered hook?

A

external powered opening hook
myo or switch control
battery powered

67
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal eternal powered hook?

A

ease of opening if weak upper body

fine prehension

68
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal eternal powered hook?

A

cosmesis
bulky
water intolerant

69
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal external powered otto bock hand?

A 
shorter base than other standard powered hands
standard XP hand
covered by most 3rd payer and medicare
cosmetic
good grip
dynamic mode control
70
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal external powered otto bock hand?

A

only one grip pattern
bulky
less cosmetic than anthropomorphic hands

71
Q

What are the advantages of the trans-carpal external powered anthropomorphic hands?

A

multiple grasp options
fine motor
grasps many shapes
ease of operation-myo or switch

72
Q

What are the disadvantages of the trans-carpal external powered anthropomorphic hands?

A

expense
water
durability
bulk

73
Q

What two types of anthropomorphic hands are there?

A

Vincent finger

ProDigits

74
Q

What must you keep in mind when dealing with partial hands?

A

complicated level
many options
creativity with whatever system
multiple optional systems

Upper Extremity Prosthetics (14 decks)

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