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Upper Extremity Prosthetics > Quiz questions > Flashcards

Quiz questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which is NOT one of the six types of prehension?

a. Tip
b. Hook
c. Tenodesis
d. Spherical
e. Palmar

A

C. Tenodesis

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2
Q

What are the two leading causes of upper extremity limb loss?

A

Congenital and Traumatic

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3
Q

True or False: Amniotic Band Syndrome is an acquired amputation

A

False

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4
Q

Which of the following terminal devices potentially provides the most prehension power?

A

Voluntary Closing

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5
Q

A _________ terminal device is a “straight-approach” and ____________ terminal devices
allow better line of sight.

A

Lyre; canted

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6
Q

What are passive hands commonly used for:

a. Child achieve body symmetry
b. Prepare for an externally powered prosthesis
c. Aids in sitting balance
d. Aids bi-manual grasp
e. All of the above

A

e. All of the above

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7
Q

What level of amputation is an oval wrist unit recommended for:

A

Wrist disarticulation

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8
Q

What is one of the most commonly used socket design systems for short trans-radials?

A

Muenster

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9
Q

Pronation and supination motion is maintained in residual limbs that are at least ______%
of their original length.

A

55

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10
Q

Alignment of the wrist unit for short trans-radials requires _________of 15 to 25 degrees,
and _________ of 3 to 5 degrees.

A

Pre-flexion; medial canting

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11
Q

True or False: The primary form of suspension for the Muenster socket is ML

A

False

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12
Q

One purpose of the bulge just distal to the bicipital groove in the Muenster socket is to
_________.

A

To maximize socket flexion

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13
Q

True or False: In the short TR socket the self suspending trimlines are higher than the trimlines for the
socket using rigid outside joints and triceps cuff.

A

True

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14
Q

The procedure where a tunnel is made in the biceps muscle for activation of the terminal
device is called ______.

A

Cineplasty

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15
Q

Which type of friction wrist does not use a screw to adjust the friction?

A

Economy wrist

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16
Q

What type of wrist unit should be considered for a bilateral amputee?

A

Sierra wrist flexion unit

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17
Q

When modifying a Muenster socket the medial and lateral epicondylar grooves are
measured and modified to ________ degrees of flexion from the ulna.

A

45

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18
Q

Give two reasons for using a quick disconnect wrist.

A

Exchange different styles of TD; manual rotation to desired TD position

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19
Q

Name one alternative to the Muenster socket system for very short TR amputations?

A

TRAC, Overlap Socket or ACCI

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20
Q

True or False: The most functional partial finger prosthetic option is the silicone cosmetic finger.

A

False

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21
Q

The advantage of the vinyl cosmetic restoration is ______

A

Low cost

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22
Q

The most durable and inexpensive cosmetic finger is the ______

A

3-D printed finger

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23
Q

. For an individual missing the middle and index fingers at the PIP and working as a grocer,
which prosthetic finger would be the most functional and durable?

A

M-Fingers

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24
Q

One of the biggest challenges for partial finger amputations is ________.

a. Holding onto a soft ball
b. Shaking hands
c. Holding onto small objects such as marbles, coins, or nuts
d. Driving

A

c. Holding onto small objects such as marbles, coins, or nuts

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25
Q

The _________ is a function mechanical trans-phalangeal prostheses.

a. Vincent fingers
b. X-finger
c. M-finger
d. Opposition post

A

b. X-finger

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26
Q

True or False: 26. Class III refers to an elbow disarticulation amputation level

A

False

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27
Q
  1. A reason friction elbow joints are used for children is _______.
    a. The control motions of the mechanically operated systems are too developmentally
    challenging to learn at that age.
    b. They have limited strength to lock and unlock the elbow mechanism
    c. They have limited ROM to lock and unlock the elbow mechanism
    d. All of the above
A

d. All of the above

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28
Q
  1. The M-Fingers work by wrist _____ to flex the fingers and wrist ______ to extend the fingers.
A

Flexion, extension

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29
Q

Which externally powered fingers take the least amount of room?

a. Vincent fingers
b. Cosmetic fingers
c. M-fingers
d. ProDigits

A

a. Vincent fingers

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30
Q
  1. For a patient missing >35% of the humerus and having no epicondyles, rotation is controlled
    by the ______.
    a. Screw driver shape
    b. Tight axilla ML
    c. Tight proximal AP between the scapula and the delto-pectoral groove
    d. AP clasp
A

c. Tight proximal AP between the scapula and the delto-pectoral groove

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31
Q
  1. The AP Clasp modification helps capture ______.
    a. Gleno-humeral flexion
    b. Gleno-humeral IR/ER
    c. Gleno-humeral Abduction
    d. All of the above
    e. a and c
A

e. a and c

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32
Q

True or False: The HiFi and AP Clasp were both designed to better control the “stick in a bowl of jelly”
(humerus).

A

True

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33
Q 
33. While molding a class II and III amputation level, you place one hand \_\_\_\_\_\_ to limit
unwanted rotation of the prosthesis.
A

Flat against the body of the scapula

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34
Q

True or False: The lift assist could be used to counter-balance the weight of a heavier hand TD.

A

True

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35
Q

What is a low cost simple prosthesis for replacing a missing thumb?

a. Thumb post
b. ProDigit Thumb
c. M-Finger
d. Silicone cosmetic thumb

A

a. Thumb post

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36
Q

Which of the following are ways of suspending an elbow disarticulation prosthesis?

a. Pelite liner
b. Spiral channel
c. Silicone liner
d. Silicone expandable wall
e. All of the above

A

e. All of the above

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37
Q

True or False: The reason to use a Hosmer externally locking elbow joint is because of its simplicity

A

False

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38
Q

On externally locking elbow joints, the appropriate location for the lock is ______ and the
lift assist is ______.

A

Medial, lateral

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39
Q

Which is not a surgical style of closure for an amputation?

A

Myoectomy

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40
Q

A residual limb that has approximately less than 35% of the original forearm length
remaining is classified as:

A

Very short trans-radial

41
Q

True or False: Jean Louis Petit developed a tourniquet to stop bleeding during an amputation, which was
an important development that allowed surgeons to focus more care and precision on the
amputation and residual limb condition.

A

True

42
Q

A residual limb that has approximately 40% of the original forearm length will most likely
not retain:

A

Forearm pronation/supination

43
Q

What is the name of the surgical procedure where the radius and the ulna are split to be
used as “fingers”?

A

Krukenberg procedure

44
Q

Most trans-radial patients utilize a _______ cable system.

A

Bowden

45
Q

True or False: The primary function of a terminal device is for prehension.

A

True

46
Q

Tension is set in most terminal devices by:

A

Number of rubber bands

47
Q

. ________ allows for graduated grip force that is applied by the individual and has the
greatest potential opening TD.

A

Voluntary closing TD

48
Q

________ allows better line of sight to object or working surface.

A

Canted TD

49
Q

True or False: The primary form of suspension for the Muester socket is AP.

A

True

50
Q

Which of the following TD material is most appropriate for high activity and heavy work
needs for upper extremity patients?

A

Stainless Steel TD

51
Q

Which type of elbow hinge would be appropriate for a patient that has a wrist
disarticulation level amputation and utilizes the prosthesis for light to moderate work?

A

Flexible

52
Q

The primary purpose of the bulge just distal to the bicipital groove in the Muenster socket is
to _________.

A

To maximize socket flexion by pulling the tissue bunching into the socket

53
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the baby mit or passive cosmetic hand for
childhood development?

A

Child begins to operate cabling system

54
Q

Which type of elbow hinge would be appropriate for a very short trans-radial patient that is
experiencing cubital bunching during elbow flexion and extension?

A

Polycentric

55
Q

Which type of elbow hinge would be most appropriate for a patient with a short trans-radial
level amputation who reports previous prostheses that were fit would rotate and needs more
stability?

A

Single axis

56
Q

Two types of step-up hinges include _______ and _______.

A

Sliding action; geared

57
Q

Residual limb activated locking hinges differ from other designs of elbow hinges due to:

A

Use of a Fair Lead dual cable system is needed to operate

58
Q

The Sierra wrist unit is considered a ________ type of unit.

A

Flexion

59
Q

True or False: Geared step up hinges utilize a 4:1 ratio to obtain increased elbow flexion.

A

False

60
Q

Patient indications for residual limb activated locking hinges include all of the following,
except:

A

Pronation/supination

61
Q

Which of the following is the most commonly prescribed wrist unit?

A

Friction wrist

62
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the four function wrist unit?

A

Wrist extension beyond neutral

63
Q

Which of the following is not a friction wrist?

A

Five function

64
Q

“Screwdriver” shape provides anatomical purchase pronation/supination in _____ level
amputations.

A

Greater than 55% length

65
Q

The basic body control motion for operating the terminal device in a trans-radial prosthesis
is

A

Glenohumeral flexion

66
Q

True or False; A Figure of 9 harness differs from a Figure of 8 harness due to loss of the control attachment
strap.

A

False

67
Q

When the patient needs to open the terminal device close to midline, the motion to operate
the terminal device will be:

A

Bi-scapular abduction

68
Q

Flexible hinges with triceps cuff provides which function?

A

Prevents socket slippage, allows for full 135 degree of elbow flexion, allows forearm
pronation/supination

69
Q

The greatest disadvantage to the patient using any step-up hinge is:

A

The increased amount of power it takes the patient to flex the elbow

70
Q

The anterior support strap will pass over

A

Delto-pectoral groove

71
Q

Which of the following is not a socket design for the very short trans-radial (<35%)
amputation?

A

Screwdriver

72
Q

True or False: . The biceps not only flexes the elbow joint, but also extends the glenohumeral joint

A

False

73
Q

When constructing the harness for bilateral patients, the cross point or ring should be:

A

Centered over the vertebral column

74
Q

True or False: Friction in a friction wrist unit is adjusted to allow TD rotation, but not so tight that the
patient can’t manually rotate the device with the sound hand.

A

True

75
Q

True or False: The 7th cervical vertebra is the most prominent vertebra.

A

Ture

76
Q

True or False: With a Muenster socket the housing cross bar assembly is mounted over the lateral
epicondyle.

A

False

77
Q

A patient that has a unilateral trans-radial amputation is stating the axilla loop is
uncomfortable. What is most likely attributing to this?

A

The cross point is too close to the sound side

78
Q

Cable housing lengths will be evaluated and measured with:

A

The prosthesis in 90 degrees of flexion

79
Q

The distal cable housing should have at least _____” proximal to the ball terminal when the
TD is in the neutral fully open position.

A

¼

80
Q

Where should the cross point of a figure of 8 harness be located in relation to the 7th cervical
vertebra.

A

Inferior and towards the sound side

81
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Teflon liner?

A

Increased wear on the cable

82
Q

During an initial check socket fitting, the patient reports they are having difficulty achieving
full elbow flexion. Which of the following is a possible cause?

A

Anterior trimline is too proximal

83
Q

You are fitting the cable and harness to your patient and you notice that the proximal cable
housing is hitting on the hanger when you try to pronate the TD. What do you need to do
remedy this situation?

A

Lengthen the cable, or shorten the housing

84
Q

This test is used to analyze rotation with and without the prosthesis.

A

Forearm rotation test

85
Q

This test is used to analyze if the TD will reach the patient’s mouth.

A

Forearm pre-flexion test

86
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the shoulder saddle harness?

A

Improves excursion in bi-scapular abduction

87
Q

During an initial fitting of a wrist disarticulation prosthesis for a patient, you begin
evaluating the forearm supination/pronation ROM. The available ROM should be at least
______% of the ROM without the socket.

A

50

88
Q

After evaluating the patients ROM for pronation and supination, the patient is only able to
achieve 30 degrees of the ROM with the socket. Which, if any of the following are potential
causes for this situation?

A

The trimlines are too proximal & the socket is too tight

89
Q

True or False: Oval wrist units are indicated for elbow disarticulation patients.

A

False

90
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a quick disconnect wrist unit?

A

Indicated for bilateral patient populations

91
Q

True or False: In bilateral patients, a wrist flexion unit should at least be considered for the dominant side.

A

True

92
Q

. ______ is the most common cause of upper extremity amputation.

A

Trauma

93
Q

A figure of 9 harness is generally used with which socket design style?

A

Self-suspending

94
Q

A patient is stating that his terminal device is rotating when he attempts to operate it. He has
a basic 5X hook and a constant friction wrist. What is the most appropriate adjustment that
would stabilize the terminal device?

A

Tighten the tension screw on the wrist unit

95
Q

Which of the following terminal devices would be recommended for someone who is bucking
bales of hay, mending fences or doing construction?

A

7 Work or Farmers Hook

96
Q

When using residual limb activated locking hinges, elbow flexion is achieved by

A

Glenohumeral flexion

97
Q

Flexible hinges can be fabricated from:

A

Metal cable, leather, & Decron webbing

98
Q

When molding for a Muenster socket the elbow should be held at _____ degrees of flexion.

A

60

Upper Extremity Prosthetics (14 decks)

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