Week 9 Flashcards
Ethnicity
Form of identification based on ideology of a common history and common social and cultural practices; language, religion, history
Race
Socially constructed distinctions between groups of people based on physical or genetic characteristics such as skin colour, hair type and facial features
Racial ideology and the consequences
- a web of ideas and beliefs that people use to give meaning to specific physical traits such ass skin colour and to evaluate people in terms of how they are classified by race
- consequence is one population dominating another
Most cultures have had notions of racial a hierarchies but became particularly common during
European expansion
Racial classification systems developed as Europeans colonized and when they realized that
There was physical differences between people
Racial classification systems justify
Genocide, coerced religious conversion and slavery
Colonialism gave
A heightened importance to race, legitimizing perceived racial superiority
Scientific racism
Mis 1900s to 1900s scientists claimed that Europeans were genetically superior, societal associations between race, masculinity and sporting excellence, when they tried finding how black athletic success could be explained they searched for “abnormal natural traits” to search for a physical advantages, physical prowess existed at the expense of intelligence
The myth of race
- human genome project proving that humans share 99.9% identical at a genetic level
- no group has been isolated long enough to develop sufficient differences or warrant classification of becoming a “different race”
- all species including humans have variation among their members
Racial categories are social creations true or false
True
Race is a valid biological concept True or False why
False
Verified by the human genome project
Race as a social construction
Perceived physical differences given meaning by their social contexts
Race is a primitive but powerful
Classification system
What is the 2 category classification system
One drop rule, developed to ensure purity of the white race and property controlled by the white man
In US AND CANADA race is determined by
Ancestry
One drop rule
Black people, Virginia, Susie guilloiry Phillips
Racial minorities experiences within physical culture are spaces structured by
The given era racial hierarchy
True or false sports are sites of development and proliferation of racial ideologies
True
Sports are both —— and —- of racial ideologies
Producers and products (dialectical thesis)
There are advantages and disadvantages as well as negative and positive strictures to sport as a racialized athlete true or false
True
Sports and racialized athletes
- Few other institutions showcase the achievements of visible minorities so publicly and extensively
- offer a platform for racial representation for activism
- enable cross racial interaction and cooperation
Black athleticism is both
Devalued and exaggerated, athletes hard work and training devalued as an “innate biological advantage”
Black athletes success in early 20th century attributed to and what was this a threat to
Unfair “natural advantages”
Threat to perceived white racial superiority
Jack Johnson
Boxer in 1900s USA, first black American to hold world heavyweight weight championship and there was a desire for “the great white hope” which was the desire for a white boxer to defeat him.. did not happen
Were the films of jacks winning matches a threat to perceived white superiority
Yes
Racial ideologies and sports today
white athletes associated with sacrfice hard work and good character and black athletes with great natural ability and that even the general public stereotype athletes like this
As of 2016 8% of recreational distance runners were black resulting in
Black Girls Run a group that allows one to make judgment of ones self and in vision themselves and see the group as a reference group
- desire to run with others who look like them ( reference group)
- foster social connection and community
- challenge statistics and dominant narrative about black women
Who was the great white hope
Jim Jeffery’s
