Week 10

Question 1

Person first language

Answer 1

• Foregrounds the personhood of the individual
• person with a disability instead if disabled person
• current standard
• preferred language for able people

Question 2

Identity first language

Answer 2

• the persons impairment or disability comes first
• most commonly used by people within the disabled community to describe themselves
• used with pride

Question 3

Sports are often the centre of what for people with disabilities and why

Answer 3

Inclusion battle
because it is culturally visible and significant and believed to be important socializing experiences hampered by finite resources

Question 4

How to determine what it means to be able-bodied

Answer 4

Hard to determine who is psychologically, physically and emotionally disabled, disability is related to the real and often inconvenient impairments but it has a central social dimension, determined by societies norms

Question 5

Ableism

Answer 5

Interrelated ideas and beliefs that are widely used to identify problems as physically or intellectually disabled

Question 6

True or false Ableism can justify treating people with disabilities as inferior

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Ableism rejects that

Answer 7

Physical and intellectual variation is natural and Normal

Question 8

Ableism ignores

Answer 8

The socially contracted nature of disability

Question 9

3 categories of discrimination ableism

Answer 9

1. Institutional or structural; societal level
2. Interpersonal
3. Internalized

Question 10

Why are these decisions of whose disabled political?

Answer 10

• Policies determine who gets access to resources like benefits, accommodations, or funding.
• Power and priorities influence what is recognized as a “valid” disability.

Question 11

Medical model of disability

Answer 11

• Disability is an individualized condition and responsibility is on the person to overcome their disability
• sharp distinction between disabled and normal not a spectrum
• medical intervention focus on making disabled normal

Question 12

Social model of disability

Answer 12

• preferred by disability rights advocated and UN
• non accessible environment is the problem not the person with disabled disabilities

Question 13

Athletes with a disability are expected to explain

Answer 13

Why their bodies are different

Question 14

Examples of disabling barriers

Answer 14

• physical environmental- example elevates
• political- separation from able and disabled students in classroom
• social/ attitudinal- lack of representation in media and interpersonal

Question 15

Universal design with disabled people

Answer 15

• products, buildings etc can be used by everyone to the greatest extent possible
• aims to minimize need for add on products or devices that can be expensive and stigmatizing
• altering the environment to support al individuals at all levels of ability
  (Shift from disability specific design to a more holistic approach that can address all needs)

Question 16

Mainstream society emphasizes

Answer 16

Normalcy

Question 17

Visible impairments in the empire of the normal require

Answer 17

Polite responses to questions like
1. What happened to you
2. Why are you this way

Question 18

Paralympics history and other effort before his

Answer 18

• Ludwig guttman of the stroke mandeville hospital WWII era England
• sport as rehabilitation for injured veterans

Before him
- deaf games 1888
- blind games 1909

Question 19

First competition of injured veterans was in, how many wheelchair users participated in the Olympic Games in London

Answer 19

1948

16 wheelchair users

Question 20

Paralympics 1960s and early 1970s

Answer 20

• Largely white men with spinal cord injury amputated and or visual impairments
• movement to include athletes with cerebral palsy and intellectual disabilities Guttman opposed

Question 21

There are eugenic hierarchies of disabled true or false

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Modern Paralympics

Answer 22

emphasis on competition, sponsorship and spectator interest = cutting out events

Question 23

Consequences of modern Paralympics

Answer 23

• Women, those with more significant impairments, and
  those with congenital: disabilities from birth
  • participation decreased
• loss of funding for these events since its not connected to high performance potential

Question 24

What are the internal challenged in Paralympics

Answer 24

• how to get commerical success
• how to create fair competition, athletes grouped by impairment level hard to gauge
• how to organize and categorize athletes competition categories based on the type and seriousness of the physical impairment= functional abilities approach

Question 25

Tense relationship between the IOC and the IPC:

Answer 25

The IOC had not wanted to share resources ,publicity, media coverage, or sponsors with the IPC
• 2016:New agreement signed between both parties
• Current media contracts for covering the Olympic Games now also cover the rights to cover the Paralympic Games

Question 26

Special Olympics and founded when

Answer 26

• sponsors 50 000 competitors a year and raised more money than any other NGO worldwide
• 1968
• growing scientific evidence that PA was beneficial to children with intellectual disabilities
• for individuals with a range of intellectual disabilities, inclusive of neurodiverse conditions

Question 27

How does special Olympics contrast to Paralympics

Answer 27

Not high performance sport
- rather there are multiple priorities health focused programming, leadership, inclusive sport and games

Question 28

Criticisms of special Olympics

Answer 28

• programming mostly designed and delivered by able bodied individuals
• participants are usually seen not as athletes but are valued for characteristics like sportsmanship

Question 29

Special Olympics response to criticism

Answer 29

• codesign of programming “nothing about us without us”
• encourage broader society to integrate people with intellectual disabilities so the may live more independently

Question 30

Inspirational porn

Answer 30

• Presents disabled people as “heroic” for ordinary achievements.
• Frames disability as a tragedy to overcome.
• Serves the purpose of making non-disabled people feel:
• Inspired (“heart-warming”).
• Ashamed (“If they can do it, why can’t I?”).

Question 31

Inspirational porn critiques

Answer 31

• Still portrays disabled people as fundamentally different.
• Can be more positive than pity but reinforces stereotypes.

Question 32

Inspirational porn Mixed Reactions:

Answer 32

• Some in the disability community find empowerment in certain contexts.
• Positive resonance depends on framing and circumstances.

Question 33

In 2012 Paralympics presented these athletes as

Answer 33

Superhuman