Week 9 Flashcards
what are the foundational concepts of communicable diseases (7)
- infections
- epidemiological triangle
- classification of communicable diseases
- types of transmission
- lvls of prevention
- prophylaxis
- PHNs role
define: infection
- the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, which may be cliically unapparent or result in local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response
infection is caused by… (5)
- bacteria
- viruses
- fungi
- parasites
- protozoa
common pathogens (just review)
what is typically involved in tx for viruses
- treat symptoms
- sometimes antivirals or immunization
define acute
- resolving in a few days or weeks
- very ill
define chronic
- lasting >12 weeks
- may be incurable
- may become a carrier
- can develop from acute
define: localized
- limited to a specific body area
define: disseminated
- spread to other parts of body
ex. syphilis
define: systemic
- spread throughout the body
define: sepsis
- pathogens throughout blood and tissues
what is the difference between primary and secondary infection
- different stages
what are examples of hospital acquired infection (3)
- pneumonia
- MRSA (both hospital and community)
- Cdiff
what is an example of a community acquired infection
- pneumonia
what are some examples of infections that are antibiotic resistant
- TB
- some types of STI
what contributes to antibiotic resistance
- not completing full dose of abx
antibiotic resistance leads to… (2)
- longer treatment
- different treatment
interaction of host, pathogen, and enviro
interaction of host, pathogen, and enviro
what host behaviors reduce the risk of infection (6)
- hand hygeine
- condoms
- intact skin
- good health
- avoid contact
- immunization
what is an environmental change that reduces the risk of infection (4)
- monitoring air quality
- water supply
- sanitation
- weather (winter v summer)
describe the epidemiological trainge
- for an infectious disease to be acquired, 3 elements are needed:
–> an infective agent
–> a susceptible host
–> a supportive enviro
the epidemiological triangle is a simple way to classify…
- communicable disease by examining the relationship between the host, agent, and enviro
to disrupt the epidemiological triange, we disrupt…
- the interaction between host, enviro, and pathogen