Week 2 Flashcards
define: population health
- an approach to health that aims to improve the health of the entire population and to reduce health inequities
- acts upon the broad range of factors and conditions that have a strong influence on our health
the experience of discrmination is a key factor in…
- producing poor health outcomes for visible minorities in Canada (chronic stress response leads to increased risk of CVD, obesity, diabetes, cancer)
define: racism
- systemic discrimination based on race, where health and social systems support racist policy and practices
institutional factors & HCP behaviors can produce…
- racial inequities in the delivery of healthcare and in health outcomes
what are some ways people covertly discriminate
- failure to recognize skin breakdown in people w darker skin tone
- “im colorblind” –> covert racism flourishes in ritualistic, unintentional, and unconscious ways due to dominant socialization processes
define: equality
- treating everyone the same, without considering their circumstances and attributes
- assumed that everyone will benefit from the same supports & benefits will be the same for everyone
define: equity
- focus on fairness and equality in outcomes, not just in supports and opportunity
- individuals are given diff supports to make it possible for them to have equal access and removing systemic barriers
define: health equity
- the fair distribution of resources needed for health, fair access to the opportunities available, and fairness in the support offered to people when ill
define social justice
- the process of ensuring fair distribution of society’s benefits, responsibilties, and consequences
what are the defining attributes of social justice (4)
- equity
- human rights
- democracy/civil rights
- just institutions
define health inequality
- measurable differences in health between individuals, groups, or communities
- health disparities
- may be due to biology
what are examples of health inequalities
- differences in cancer diagnosis between old & young
- differences in life expectancy between men & women
- differences in life expectancy between MB and SK
what is health inequity
- subset of inequalities/disparities that are associated with underlying social disadvantage due to unequal distribution or access to the SDOH
- inequalities that are systematic, unjust, and avoidable
health inequities do not occur… but rather due to…
- do not occur randomly or naturally
- due to unequal access to resources that are needed to be healthy
what are examples of health inequity
- differences in access to clean water for Indigenous people
- differences in longevity and wellbeing based on early childhood experiences
- the working poor
how can we address inequality and inequity?
- remove systemic barriers
significant health inequities were observed among which populations? (5)
- indigenous peoples
- sexual & racial minorities
- immigrants
- people living with functional limitations
- gradient of inequalities by socioeconomic status (income, education, employment, occupation)
many health inequalities in Canada are the result of?
- individuals’ and groups’ relative social, political, and economic disadvantages
to understand health inequalities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples, we must…
- contextualize them within the historical, political, social, and economic conditions that have influenced Indigenous health
for someone with a substance use disorder, what are examples of interventions that meet the PHC principle of “maximum accessibility” (3)
- programs/services accessible geographically (location, transportation)
- financially
- appropriate hours
for someone with a substance use disorder, what are examples of interventions that meet the PHC principle of “maximum community participation” (2)
- individuals who will use program must have input into decisions about the program
- must engage the population group that needs it the most
for someone with a substance use disorder, what are examples of interventions that meet the PHC principle of “maximum emphasis on HP/PP (3)
- promoting healthier intoxification
- preventing harms to liver, etc.
- avoiding non-beverage alcohol
for someone with a substance use disorder, what are examples of interventions that meet the PHC principle of “maximum use of appropriate technology” (2)
- linking health data systems so MAP RN can keep track of liver enzymes & evaluate the program (trips to ER, encounters w WPS)
- database for in-house charting re: doses of ETOH and pt record
for someone with a substance use disorder, what are examples of interventions that meet the PHC principle of “maximum intersectoral/IP collab”
- with nutritionist, police officers, housing staff, Indigenous leaders & elders, city officials, etc.