Week 8 - Self-Actualization and Self-Determination Perspective Flashcards
Humanistic psychology
A branch of psychology emphasizing the universal capacity for personal growth.
Actualization
The tendency to grow in ways that maintain or enhance the organism.
Self-actualization
A process of growing in ways that maintain or enhance the self.
Congruence
An integration within the self and a coherence between your self and your experiences.
Organismic valuing process
The internal signal that indicates whether self-actualization is occurring.
Fully functioning person
A person who’s open to life’s experiences and who is self-actualizing.
Positive regard (and two subtypes)
Acceptance and affection.
Unconditional - Acceptance and affection with “no strings attached.”
Conditional - Affection that’s given only under certain conditions.
Conditions of worth
Contingencies placed on positive regard.
Conditional self-regard
Self-acceptance that’s given only under certain conditions.
Contingent self-worth
Self-acceptance that’s based on performance in some domain of life.
Self-determination (and 3 needs)
Deciding for yourself what to do.
The needs are for autonomy (self-determination), competence, and relatedness
Introjected regulation
occurs when a person treats a behavior as a “should” or an “ought”—when the person does it to avoid guilt or gain self-approval.
In identified regulation
the person has come to hold the behavior as personally meaningful and valuable.
Self-concordance
Pursuing goals that are consistent with your core values.
Reactance
A motive to regain or reassert a presumed freedom that’s been threatened.
two kinds of defense according to Rogers
distortion of experience (Rationalization)
-Rationalization is one such distortion: creating a plausible but untrue explanation for why something is the way it is
-seeing an event as being different from how it really is.
preventing threatening experiences from reaching awareness
-Denial
-Indirectly (avoidance of situation that would be informative)
Self-handicapping
Creating situations that make it hard to succeed, thus enabling avoidance of self-blame for failure.
Stereotype threat
Having a negative perception of the self because of feeling prejudged.
Deficiency-based motives
Motives reflecting a lack within the person that needs to be filled.
Growth-based motives
Motives reflecting the desire to extend and elaborate yourself.
Self-actualizing people…(name 3)
- are efficient and accurate in perceiving reality
- are accepting of themselves, of other people, and of nature
- are spontaneous in thought and emotion, natural rather than artificial
- are problem centered, or concerned with eternal philosophical questions
- are independent and autonomous when it comes to satisfactions
- have a continued freshness of appreciation of ordinary events
- often experience so-called oceanic feelings, a sense of oneness with nature that transcends time and space
- identify with all of humanity and are democratic and respectful of others
- form deep ties but with only a few persons
- appreciate, for its own sake, the process of doing things
- have a philosophical, thoughtful, nonhostile sense of humor
- have a childlike and fresh creativity and inventiveness
- maintain an inner detachment from the culture in which they live
- are sufficiently strong, independent, and guided by their own inner visions that they sometimes appear temperamental and even ruthless
Transcendent self-actualizers
People whose actualization goes beyond the self to become more universal.
Maslow used the term peak experience to refer to…
a moment of intense self-actualization.
Existential psychology
The view that people are responsible for investing their lives with meaning.
