Week 6 - Psychosocial Theories

Question 1

Object relations

Answer 1

An individual’s symbolized relations to other persons (such as parents).

Question 2

Effectance motivation (Ego Psychology)

Answer 2

the motive to have an effect or an impact on your surroundings.

Question 3

competence motivation (Ego Psychology)

Answer 3

the motive to be effective in dealing with the environment.

Question 4

Ego control (Ego Psychology)

Answer 4

Learning to restrain impulses

Question 5

Ego resiliency (Ego Psychology)

Answer 5

knowing when to restrain yourself and when to behave more freely.

Question 6

Two broad themes of object relations theories

Answer 6

Emphasize that a person’s pattern of relating to others is laid down in early childhood

They assume that these patterns tend to recur over and over throughout life.

Question 7

Symbiosis (Mahler)

Answer 7

A period in which an infant experiences fusion with the mother.

Question 8

Separation–individuation (Mahler)

Answer 8

The process of acquiring a distinct identity; separating from fusion with the mother.

Question 9

Seperation anxiety (Mahler)

Answer 9

What occurs when the mother is too forceful with nudges towards individuation

Question 10

Self psychology (Kohut)

Answer 10

Kohut’s theory that relationships create the structure of the self.

Question 11

Narcissism (Self-Psychology)

Answer 11

A sense of grandiose self-importance and entitlement.

Question 12

Selfobject (Self-Psychology)

Answer 12

The mental representation of another person who functions to satisfy your needs.

Question 13

Mirroring (Self-Psychology)

Answer 13

The giving of positive attention and supportiveness to someone.

Question 14

Transference (Self-Psychology)

Answer 14

The displacement onto other selfobjects of feelings that are tied to an object (parent)

Question 15

Three defining features of attachment and three functions of attachment.

Answer 15

Question 16

Strange situation

Answer 16

A procedure used to assess the attachment pattern of the infant to the mother.

Of special relevance are two times when the mother returns after the infant has been left alone with the stranger. Raters observe the infant throughout, paying special attention to its responses to the mother’s return.

Question 17

Strange situation

Answer 17

A procedure used to assess the attachment pattern of the infant to the mother.

r. Of special relevance are two times when the mother returns after the infant has been left alone with the stranger. Raters observe the infant throughout, paying special attention to its responses to the mother’s return.

Question 18

Can I count on my attachment figure to be available and responsive when needed? The possible answers—”yes,” “no,” and “maybe”—correspond to…

Answer 18

the secure, avoidant, and ambivalent patterns.

Question 19

Positive-versus-negative model of self (self is lovable or not) and positive-versus-negative model of others (others are trustworthy or not) - known as

Answer 19

Anxiety and Avoidance

Question 20

2 ways of measuring adult attachment (2 dimension model)

Answer 20

Adult Attachment Interview - This interview asks people to talk about their early experiences with caregivers.

Asks people to respond to a series of statements expressing opinions about their current close relationships

Question 21

2 dimension model (table) of attachment - what are the categories?

Answer 21

In color are shown the names of the comparable patterns from the three-category model.

Question 22

Child adversity has been linked to

Answer 22

higher neuroticism, lower agreeableness, higher anger/aggression, and more focus on material rewards in life.

At more extreme levels, early adversity predicts vulnerability to depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and alcohol and substance abuse, and personality disorders

Question 23

Life-span development

Answer 23

The idea that developmental processes continue throughout life.

Question 24

Life-span development

Answer 24

• The idea that developmental processes continue throughout life.

Question 25

Ego identity

Answer 25

The overall sense of self that emerges from your transactions with social reality.

Question 26

Psychosocial crisis (or conflict)

Answer 26

A turning point in a developmental period when some interpersonal issue is being dealt with and growth potential and vulnerability are both high.

Question 27

Terms that describe positive orientation to (Erikson’s) conflict

Answer 27

Ego quality, ego strength, virtue

Question 28

Ego quality (ego strength or virtue)

Answer 28

The quality that ­becomes part of your personality through successful ­management of a crisis.

Question 29

Childhood crisis (what is it) management leads to…

Answer 29

Toilet training

Will: a determination to exercise free choice

Question 30

Preschool crisis (what is it) management leads to…

Answer 30

initiative vs guilt

Purpose: the courage to pursue valued goals without fear of punishment.

Question 31

School age crisis (what is it) management leads to…

Answer 31

Industrious vs Inferior

Competence

Question 32

Adolescence crisis (what is it) management leads to…

Answer 32

identity vs role confusion

Consolidated identity

Question 33

Young adulthood crisis (what is it) management leads to…

Answer 33

intimacy versus isolation

Question 34

Adulthood crisis (what is it) management leads to…

Answer 34

generativity versus stagnation

Ego quality with management: care

Question 35

Old Age crisis (what is it) management leads to…

Answer 35

Ego integrity vs despair

Wisdom