Week 8 Review Flashcards
Sicilian Expedition
One of the last phases of the peloponnesian war
-Leontini against Syracuse, the major power in Sicily
- Approaches Athens for help
- Alcibiades in favour of attacking
- Nicias cautious
Herm
Figure statue dedicated to Hermes
- There was a sacrilegious prank that involved the mutilation of the herms
- Considered a bad omen for outcome of the expedition
- pillars were castrated
Hermokopidai
Group accused of the mutiliation of the herms
- Alcibiades among those accused, was recalled for the expedition
Hetaireirai
Drinking club suspected for the mutilation of the herms
Decelean or Ionian War
Second phase of the Peloponnesian War
- Involves Spartan King Agis II building a fort at Decelea in Northern Attica
- Involved an oligarchic coup in Athens
Decelea
Spartan King Agis II builds a fort here for dissidents or the oppressed, Athenian slaves escape here
“Owls”
Associated with Athena
- silver coins from mines of Laurion
Laurion
Centre of silver mines
Thrasybulus
Leader of Athenian democracy in Samos
- Recaptures Piraeus and defeats part of Spartan garrison
- Spartans leave Athens under amnesty “non-remembering”
Council of 400
Rule of this group during oligarchic coup
Assembly of 500
Rule of this group during oligarchic coup
Xenophon
Continues Thucydides records after they end post-oligarchic coup
Arginusae
An Athenian victory towards the end of the peloponnesian war
- disastrous storm post-battle
- sailors that abandoned the bodies were put to death
Lysander
Spartan victory under him and exiled Alcibiades to Asia Minor
Aigospotamoi
Lysander vs. Athenian Conon
- result is an Athenian naval defeat
Conon
Athenian general involved in battle at Aigospotamoi
“Thirty Tyrants”
Larger oligarchy of 30 councillors in Athens that ruled for a brief period - group of radicals
“Decarcies”
Small oligarchies
Critias
Student of Socrates that are part of the thirty tyrants
Erechtheion
One of the three main building projects in Athens post-peloponnesian war
- Supposed to house sacred olive tree of Athena
- Construction began during peace of nicias
- Roof supported by female statues
Temple of Athena Nike
One of the three main projects post-peloponnesian war
- Inhabited sculptural decoration
- West and south frieze, not mythological depictions but historical battles
Propylaia
One of the three main building projects post-peloponnesian war
- Gateway to the acropolis
Comedy
Genre of dionysiac song, performed at festival of lenaia
Aristophanes
Main comedic writer of this period, his caricatures of Cleon led him to be prosecuted, but he ultimately won and wrote a play about it
Lenaia
Festival in honour of Dionysos, relating to new wine
Metics
Non-citizen foreigners, generally resided in area of the Piraeus port
