Week 8 Review

Question 1

Sicilian Expedition

Answer 1

One of the last phases of the peloponnesian war
-Leontini against Syracuse, the major power in Sicily
- Approaches Athens for help
- Alcibiades in favour of attacking
- Nicias cautious

Question 2

Herm

Answer 2

Figure statue dedicated to Hermes
- There was a sacrilegious prank that involved the mutilation of the herms
- Considered a bad omen for outcome of the expedition
- pillars were castrated

Question 3

Hermokopidai

Answer 3

Group accused of the mutiliation of the herms
- Alcibiades among those accused, was recalled for the expedition

Question 4

Hetaireirai

Answer 4

Drinking club suspected for the mutilation of the herms

Question 5

Decelean or Ionian War

Answer 5

Second phase of the Peloponnesian War
- Involves Spartan King Agis II building a fort at Decelea in Northern Attica
- Involved an oligarchic coup in Athens

Question 6

Decelea

Answer 6

Spartan King Agis II builds a fort here for dissidents or the oppressed, Athenian slaves escape here

Question 7

“Owls”

Answer 7

Associated with Athena
- silver coins from mines of Laurion

Question 8

Laurion

Answer 8

Centre of silver mines

Question 9

Thrasybulus

Answer 9

Leader of Athenian democracy in Samos
- Recaptures Piraeus and defeats part of Spartan garrison
- Spartans leave Athens under amnesty “non-remembering”

Question 10

Council of 400

Answer 10

Rule of this group during oligarchic coup

Question 11

Assembly of 500

Answer 11

Rule of this group during oligarchic coup

Question 12

Xenophon

Answer 12

Continues Thucydides records after they end post-oligarchic coup

Question 13

Arginusae

Answer 13

An Athenian victory towards the end of the peloponnesian war
- disastrous storm post-battle
- sailors that abandoned the bodies were put to death

Question 14

Lysander

Answer 14

Spartan victory under him and exiled Alcibiades to Asia Minor

Question 15

Aigospotamoi

Answer 15

Lysander vs. Athenian Conon
- result is an Athenian naval defeat

Question 16

Conon

Answer 16

Athenian general involved in battle at Aigospotamoi

Question 17

“Thirty Tyrants”

Answer 17

Larger oligarchy of 30 councillors in Athens that ruled for a brief period - group of radicals

Question 18

“Decarcies”

Answer 18

Small oligarchies

Question 19

Critias

Answer 19

Student of Socrates that are part of the thirty tyrants

Question 20

Erechtheion

Answer 20

One of the three main building projects in Athens post-peloponnesian war
- Supposed to house sacred olive tree of Athena
- Construction began during peace of nicias
- Roof supported by female statues

Question 21

Temple of Athena Nike

Answer 21

One of the three main projects post-peloponnesian war
- Inhabited sculptural decoration
- West and south frieze, not mythological depictions but historical battles

Question 22

Propylaia

Answer 22

One of the three main building projects post-peloponnesian war
- Gateway to the acropolis

Question 23

Comedy

Answer 23

Genre of dionysiac song, performed at festival of lenaia

Question 24

Aristophanes

Answer 24

Main comedic writer of this period, his caricatures of Cleon led him to be prosecuted, but he ultimately won and wrote a play about it

Question 25

Lenaia

Answer 25

Festival in honour of Dionysos, relating to new wine

Question 26

Metics

Answer 26

Non-citizen foreigners, generally resided in area of the Piraeus port