Week 5 Review

Question 1

Croesus of Lydia

Answer 1

Final Lydian king the persians defeated in 547/6 BC

Question 2

Cyrus II (The Great)

Answer 2

Founder of Achaemenid empire, defeated Croesus of Lydia, known for Cyrus Cylinder and the cuneiform script that details his legitimacy and power

Question 3

Cambyses

Answer 3

Son of Cyrus II, organized conquest of Egypt, however Herodotus claimed he was mad

• died prematurely and without an heir

Question 4

Darius

Answer 4

Defeated Cambyses’ younger brother Bardiya in race for succession, built up the city

Question 5

Persepolis

Answer 5

Literally “persian city”

Question 6

Sardis

Answer 6

Lydian capital that fell and became a persian stronghold through CYRUS II

Question 7

Royal Road

Answer 7

Network of roads across persian empire that enabled communication on horseback

Question 8

Herodotus of Halikarnassos

Answer 8

Author 50 years post-persian conquests, was fascinated by the customs of others

Question 9

Satrap

Answer 9

Provincial governor in the Persian empire

Question 10

Darics or archers

Answer 10

Persian gold coins, inscribed with an archer, and used by Greek city-states as highest coin denomination

Question 11

Nemesis

Answer 11

Divine retribution

Question 12

Hybris

Answer 12

Arrogance or disrespect of the gods

Question 13

Ionian revolt

Answer 13

• Led by Aristagoras in an attempt to install democracy
• Persians fully conquer Ionia in the aftermath

Question 14

Hellenic League

Answer 14

Greek alliance including Sparta and Corinth during the Persian wars

Question 15

Xerxes

Answer 15

Son of Darius

Question 16

Aristagoras of Miletos

Answer 16

Leader and tyrant of Miletos that led the Ionian revolt alongside Artaphernes

Question 17

Datis

Answer 17

One of the Persian leaders in the Battle of Marathon

Question 18

Artaphernes

Answer 18

Co-leader of unsuccessful persian fleet in Battle of Marathon

Question 19

Mardonius

Answer 19

Persian military commander tat encouraged Xerxes to invade Greece

Question 20

Marathon

Answer 20

The Battle that the Persians had to retreat - pushed into the bay and nearby marshes by Aristides

Question 21

Militiades

Answer 21

Aristocrat that served as archon and participated in Ionian revolt

Question 22

Themistokles

Answer 22

Strategos involved in Battle of Marathon: promoted a naval strategy

Question 23

Aristides

Answer 23

Strategos involved in Battle of Marathon: promoted inward social reform

Question 24

Trireme

Answer 24

Type of war ship promoted for use by Themistocles