Week 8 Recent Evolution Part 1

Question 1

Vowels changes

Answer 1

Happy tensing
Fronting of goose and foot
The goat split
Monophthongisation of square

Question 2

Consonants changes

Answer 2

t glottaling
l vocalisation
th fronting
palatalisation

Question 3

Happy tensing

Answer 3

The vowel at the end of words such as happy, coffee, valley used to be pronounced ɪ just as in kit

Nowadays i whi is closer to i: but shorter

Question 4

Fronting of u: & ʊ

Answer 4

In many varieties of British and American English goose and foot tend to be fronted

Question 5

The goat split

Answer 5

When followed by a dark l əʊ is often realised as ɒʊ ( hole, roll, old)

Question 6

Monophthongisation of eə ɪə

Answer 6

The vowels in square and tho a lesser extent near as monophthongs ɛ: and ɪ:

Question 7

t glottaling

Answer 7

Réalisation of t as the glottal stop quite common before a consonant has spread to intervicalic positions

For t glottaling t needs to be preceded by a vowel

Question 8

L vocalisation

Answer 8

Dark l as vowel either ʊ or o

Question 9

Th fronting

Answer 9

Interdental fricatives are fronted to labio dental fricatives (θ➡️ f, ð➡️ v)

Question 10

Palatalisation

Answer 10

sjuː ➡️ ʃuː
zjuː ➡️ ʒuː
stj sʈr ➡️ ʃtj ʃtr
st sk ➡️ ʃt ʃk (rare)
sr ➡️ ʃr