Week 3 Connected Speech Elision Epenthesis

Question 1

Définition elision

Answer 1

Loss of a phone which is usually pronounced

Question 2

Most common cases of elision

Answer 2

• Loss of schaw (often occurs before coda /n/, /l/, /m/
• loss of [h] in grammatical words

Question 3

Simplication of consonant clusters (within a word)

Answer 3

Within a word
Loss of /t/ in ntʃ or ktʃ (lunch, brunch, lecture, structure)
Loss of d in ndʒ (strange, change)
Loss of k in ŋks, ŋkt, skt : jinx, lynx sphinx, distinct precinct, desktop

Question 4

Elision simplification of consonant clusters (between two morphemes)

Answer 4

Loss of /p/ in /mps/ and /mpt/ jumps, jumped, camps, camped
Loss of t in /nts/ /kts/ /pts/ ants tents acts scripts
Loss of k in skt asked

Question 5

Simplication of consonant clusters (between two words (or in compounds) at the end of word 1

Answer 5

ft ➡️ f
St ➡️ s
Ld ➡️ ɫ
Nd ➡️ n
əv ➡️ ə

Question 6

Epenthesis

Answer 6

is the insertion of a segment (opposite of elision)

Not systematic

Question 7

Epenthetic consonants

Answer 7

Usually appear btw a nasal and a voiceless fricative. The epenthetic consonant has the same point of articulation as the nasal.

Ns ➡️ nts (condense, dance, sense, bounce)

nθ ntθ ( anthem, anthrax, epenthesis, ninth)

nʃ ➡️ ntʃ (ancient, attention, financial)
mf ➡️ mpf comfort, emphasis, triumph
mθ ➡️ mpθ warmth
ms ➡️ mps Chomsky gimson, hamster
ŋs ➡️ ŋks Kingston

Btw nasal and voiceless fricatives fθsʃh

n t
m p
ŋ k

Question 8

Epenthesis and linking

Answer 8

Linking occurs when a word or morpheme begins with a vowel. If the vowel is preceded by a consonant it’s common for that consonant to be resyllabified, it moves from the coda to the onset of the following one

Question 9

Linking glide insertion

Answer 9

A glide can be inserted between a high vowel and a following vowel.

[j] is inserted after a high front vowel ( ai jaem) trai jaut
w is inserted after a high back vowel ( ju wa: , haut waul~d

Question 10

Linking rhoticity

Answer 10

This type of linking appears in non-rhotic varieties of English. /r/ only appear in the onset always followed by a vowel

Question 11

Two types of linking involving r a l’envers called r-sandhi

Answer 11

Linking r : the first element ends with an orthographic r ( tuner amp tju:nar(aemp , clear out kliar(aut, fearing fiarign

Intrusive r: the first element ends with ə ɑ: ou ɔ:

Question 12

Linking with identical consonants

Answer 12

If two identical consonants are put next to one another at a word or morpheme boundary nothing really happens. Phonetically however we get one long consonant (bad:og, big:uy, this:eat