WEEK 8 - Personality

Question 1

Freud’s psychoanalytic theory

Answer 1

Personality explained by ID, Ego, and Superego formed from psychic energy (libido) - regular conflicts between the three parts

Question 2

ID

Answer 2

instinctual nature of humans

Question 3

Ego

Answer 3

rational and objective

Question 4

Superego

Answer 4

internalised moral standards

Question 5

The lexical approach

Answer 5

1. check dictionary for adjectives that describe people
2. ask people to rate themselves on these adjectives
3. conduct statistical analyses to determine which adjectives go together

Question 6

Five factor model (the big five)

Answer 6

• Openness to experience
• Conscientiousness
• Extroversion
• Agreeableness
• Neuroticism

Question 7

Openness

Answer 7

Intellectual curiosity and independance

Question 8

Conscientiousness

Answer 8

Organised, persistant, and dependable

Question 9

Extroversion

Answer 9

Outgoing and sociable

Question 10

Agreeableness

Answer 10

Compassionate and trusting of others

Question 11

Neuroticism

Answer 11

Emotionally variable and impulsive

Question 12

The ‘dark triad’ of personality

Answer 12

personality characteristics most people find offensive, but not necessarily pathological; psychopathy, narcissism, machiavellianism

Question 13

Psychopathy

Answer 13

egocentrism, superficial charm, lacking empathy, lacking guilt

Question 14

Narcissism

Answer 14

love for the self far stronger than love for others; perceptions of self-superiority and entitlement

Question 15

Machiavellianism

Answer 15

manipulative, deceitful, usually for personal gain

Question 16

Context dependence

Answer 16

That personality predicts our behaviour in all situations