WEEK 3 - Cognitive development

Question 1

Cognitive stage theory

Answer 1

• sensorimotor
• preoperational
• concrete operational
• formal operational

Question 2

Sensorimotor

Answer 2

Birth - 2 years - Coordination of sensory and motor activity; achievement of object permanence

Question 3

Preoperational

Answer 3

2-7 years - Use of language and symbolic representation’ egocentric view of the world; make-believe play

Question 4

Concrete operational

Answer 4

7-11 years - solution of concrete problems through logical operations; objects are organised into hierarchies and classes and subclasses; thinking is not yet abstract

Question 5

Formal operational

Answer 5

11- adulthood - systematic solution of actual and hypothetical problems using abstract symbols

Question 6

Object permanence

Answer 6

The realisation that an object continues to exist even if it cannot be seen

Question 7

Egocentrism

Answer 7

A cognitive view in which a child understands the world to have only their view (has great difficulty in understanding the views of others

Question 8

Conservation

Answer 8

Understanding that the basic properties of an object are constant even if the object changes shape

Question 9

Preoperational stage limitations

Answer 9

• centration
• irreversible thought
• static thought
• difficulty with classification
• egocentrism

Question 10

False belief tasks

Answer 10

• Sally Anne task
• Smarties task

Question 11

Piaget’s pendulum task

Answer 11

Assesses the ability to systematically examine the variables of an object

Question 12

Classical conditioning

Answer 12

an initially neutral stimulus comes to elicit a conditioned response

Question 13

Operant conditioning

Answer 13

Actions that are followed by reinforcement, through reward or punishment, will be strengthened and more likely to occur