week 8; endocrine and lymphatic systems

Question 1

the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things

Answer 1

endocrine system

Question 2

metabolic disorder in which carbohydrates/sugars are not broken down/digested due to insufficient insulin production in the pancreas

• most common types ;
• type 2 diabetes
• type 1 diabetes
• pre diabetes
• gestational diabetes

Answer 2

diabetes mellitus

Question 3

1 a chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose)

2 a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little to no insulin

3 a condition in which blood sugar is high, but not high enough to be type 2

4 a form of high blood sugar affecting pregnant women

Answer 3

1. type 2 diabetes
2. type 1 diabetes
3. pre diabetes
4. gestational diabetes

Question 4

• this cancer is incurable
• median survival rate is 3-6 months after diagnosis
• smoking is the leading preventable cause of pancreatic cancer
• increases with age
• more common in men than women

Answer 4

pancreatic stage 4 cancer

Question 5

this gland takes messages from the brain (hypothalamus) and uses these messages to produce hormones that affect many parts of the body, including stimulating all the other hormone-producing glands to produce their own hormones

Answer 5

pituitary gland

Question 6

pituitary gland sub categories (4)

Answer 6

1. acromegaly
2. gigantism
3. dwarfism
4. diabetes inspidus

Question 7

hyper function of the pituitary gland that causes elongation/enlargement of the bones of the extremities/ head

Answer 7

acromegaly

Question 8

a genetic disorder that affects the connective tissue.

• those with the condition tend to be tall and thin with long arms, legs, fingers, and toes.
• typically have overly-flexible joints and scoliosis
• most serious complications involve heart and aorta, with an increased risk of mitral valve prolapse and aortic aneurysm.
• lungs, eyes, bones, and the covering of the spinal cord are also commonly affected.

Answer 8

marfan syndrome MFS

Question 9

caused by over production of human growth hormone somatotropin

Answer 9

gigantism

Question 10

caused by underproduction of human growth hormone somatotropin

Answer 10

dwarfism

Question 11

dysfunction of antidiuretic hormone causes kidneys to lose ability to conserve water

Answer 11

diabetes insipidus

Question 12

thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck.

• produces hormones that control th speed of your metabolism - systems that helps the body use energy
• disorders can slow down or rev up metabolism by disrupting the production of thyroid hormones

Answer 12

thyroid gland

Question 13

means that the thyroid gland can’t make enough thyroid hormones to keep the body running normally

Answer 13

hypothyroidism

Question 14

insufficient creation of thyroid hormones in children causing marked physical/mental developmental impairments

Answer 14

cretinism

Question 15

clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism; coarse skin, enlarged tongue, puffy face, drowsiness, dry hair

Answer 15

myxedema

Question 16

overactive thyroid occurs when your thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine
-accelerate your body metabolism causing unintentional weight loss and a rapid or irregular heartbeat

Answer 16

hyperthyroidism

Question 17

excessive growth of thyroid due to lack of iodine in diet

-usually painless, can cause cough and make it difficult for you to swallow or breathe

Answer 17

goiter

Question 18

small glands of the endocrine system that control the amount of calcium in our blood and bones

• 4 parathyroid glands located behind the thyroid gland in the next that play a critical role in many body functions
• frequently leads to osteoporosis, kidney stones, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and kidney failure

Answer 18

parathyroid glands

Question 19

underproduction of hormone that regulates calcium in the body

Answer 19

hypoparathyroidism

Question 20

over production of hormone that regulates calcium in the body

Answer 20

hyperparathyroidism

Question 21

endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol
-found above the kidneys

Answer 21

adrenal glands

Question 22

adrenal glands fail to produce enough of the hormones cortisol/aldosterone resulting in a bronze complexion

Answer 22

Addisons disease

Question 23

iatrogenic disorder caused by chronic glucocorticoid hormone therapy (prednisone) resulting in over production of cortisol

Answer 23

cushings syndrome

Question 24

an adrenal gland failure due to bleeding into the adrenal glands, commonly caused by severe bacterial infection

Answer 24

waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome

Question 25

vascular system compromised causing disruption of fluid distribution/diffusion

Answer 25

diminished circulation

Question 26

escape of blood from vascular system

Answer 26

hemorrhage

Question 27

abnormal growth of bones

Answer 27

deformities

Question 28

inflammatory/degenerative of the lymphatic system (4)

Answer 28

1. tonsilitis
2. lymphangitis
3. splenomegaly
4. lymphadenopathy

Question 29

inflammation of the tonsils due to being overwhelmed w infection

Answer 29

tonsilitis

Question 30

inflammatory disorder of there lymph vessels resulting from a bacterial infection

Answer 30

lymphangitis

Question 31

hypertrophy of the spleen beyond its normal size

Answer 31

splenomegaly

Question 32

enlargement of the lymph nodes caused by proliferation of lymphocytes/leukocytes

Answer 32

lymphadenopathy

Question 33

hyperplastic/neoplastic of the lympathic system 2

Answer 33

1. Hodgkins disease

2 non hodgkins

Question 34

cancer of the lymphatic system that is differentiated by the presence of abnormal reed-stern berg cells

Answer 34

Hodgkins

Question 35

grouping of lymphatic cancers that dont present the reed Sternberg cell mutation

Answer 35

non hodgkins