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PIMS path 2 > week 3 ; diseases of the digestive system > Flashcards

week 3 ; diseases of the digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

diseases of the digestive system (5)

A
  1. inflammatory
  2. genetic/developmental
  3. hyperplasia/neoplastic
  4. obstruction
  5. postmortem conditions
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2
Q

inflammatory degenerative (17)

A
  1. gingivitis
  2. pharyngitis
  3. esophagitis
  4. gastritis
  5. ulcer
  6. enteritis
  7. colitis
  8. appendicitis
  9. hemorrhoids
  10. hepatitis
  11. cirrhosis
  12. cholelithiasis
  13. cholecystitis
  14. cholangitis
  15. pancreatitis
  16. peritonitis
  17. diverticulitis
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3
Q

inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup

can progress to tooth socket/avleolar processes

A

gingivitis

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4
Q

inflammation of the throat (sore throat)

A

pharyngitis

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5
Q

inflammation of the esophagus resulting from many causes

A

esophagitis

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6
Q

inflammation of the lining of the stomach caused by excessive alcohol consumption, anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), pernicious anemia, bacteria or autoimmune disorders

A

gastritis

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7
Q

localized area of necrosis in a mucous membrane due to erosion of the lining of the stomach/intestine

A

ulcer

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8
Q

inflammation of the intestine caused by microorganisms, (NSAIDs), cocaine, radiation therapy, autoimmune diseases

A

enteritis

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9
Q

inflammation of the large intestine.
-several types including ulcerative, ischemic, necrotizing, cryptosporidium, ibs, pseudomembranous, cytomegalovirus, crohns disease

A

colitis

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10
Q

inflammation of the appendix which is attached to the lower, right portion of the cecum which can rupture and cause fatal infection (peritonitis) in the abdomen

A

appendicitis

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11
Q

inflammation of the veins around the lower rectum/anus which can result from pregnancy, straining during defeaction, anal intercourse or excessive cleaning/rubbing

A

hemorrhoids

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12
Q

inflammation (acute/chronic) of the liver than can cause progressive liver damage, liver failure or cancer
common types A-B-C

A

hepatitis

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13
Q

5 types of viral hepatitis

A 
Hep A HAV)- found in feces of infected people
Hep B (HBV) - Spread through infected body fluids
Hep C (HCV)- most serious and spreads through blood; virus lives in liver and wants to multiple
Hep D (HDV) - only contracted if you already have HBV
Hep E (HEV) - transmitted via food or water
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14
Q

chronic, degenerative liver disorder often caused by excessive alcohol consumption which causes fatty/cellular degeneration and hardening of the liver

A

cirrhosis

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15
Q

*nflammation of the gallbladder caused by formation of gallstones (cholesterol)

A

cholelithiasis

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16
Q

*inflammation of the bile duct

A

cholecystitis

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17
Q

*acute infection of the bile duct due to blockage

A

cholangitis

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18
Q

inflammatory process in which the pancreas is digested by its own enzymes (autolysis) and can become hemorrhagic/necrotizing (fatal)

A

pancreatitis

19
Q

inflammation of the peritoneum

  • primary form is due to cirrhosis and fluid in the abdomen
  • secondary form is due to infection caused by organ rupture
A

peritonitis

20
Q

inflammation or infection of small pouches called diverticula that develop along the walls of the intestines.
-the formation of the pouches themselves is a relatively benign condition `

A

diverticulitis

21
Q

genetic/developmental (3)

A
  1. pyloric stenosis
  2. malformation
  3. hernia
22
Q

accumulated scar tissue formed in the pyloric region of stomach that narrows the opening (pyloric sphincter) into the duodenum

A

pyloric stenosis

23
Q

congenital defects of the GI system usually involve atresia (absence or abnormal narrowing of an opening or passage) and results in blockages

A

malformation

24
Q

abnormal protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity in which the organ is contained

A

hernia

25
Q

Hyperplasis/neopplastic (3)

A
  1. gastric cancer
  2. polyps
  3. colorectal cancer
26
Q

cancer of the stomach

A

gastric cancer

27
Q

tumors of the vascular organs (nose, uterus, rector) that are attached by a pedicle (stem) to surrounding tissue

A

polyps

28
Q

cancer affecting the colon and rectum, usually formed from benign polyps

A

colorectal cancer

29
Q

narrowing of the bowel or duct

A

stenosis

30
Q

significant mechanical impairment or complete arrest of the passage of contents through the intestine due to pathology that causes blockage of the bowel.
-symptoms include cramping pain, vomiting, obstipation, and lack of flatus

A

intestinal obstruction

31
Q

nerve/muscle disruption impedes function

A

intestinal pseudo-obstruction (paralytic ileus)

32
Q

twisting of the intestines

A

volvulus

33
Q

slipping of a segment of intestine back into a previous segment (can be fatal due to dehydration)

A

intussusception

34
Q

the bowel often forms bands of scar* after being handled during an operation

A

adhesion

35
Q

accumulation of free, serous fluid in the abdomen

A

ascites

36
Q

loss of moisture from body tissues

A

dehydration

37
Q

the state of being extremely lean, weak

A

emaciation

38
Q

septic wounds will exacerbate decomp

A

rapid decomp

39
Q

blood-fills vascular system with clots

A

rapid coagulation

40
Q

abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues or cavities

A

edema

41
Q

escape of blood from the vascular system

A

hemorrhage

42
Q

blood/body fluid that appears in the nose, mouth or ears

A

purge

43
Q

enlargement of tissues through dilation (bloating)

A

distension

44
Q

yellowing of skin, can convert to green when embalmed

A

jaundice

PIMS path 2 (8 decks)

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