Week 8: Alcohol and drinking Flashcards
What are some of the common myths about alcohol consumption presented in the lecture?
Some common myths include that drinking is a risk-free activity, that you cannot survive without it, and that problem drinking behaviors are normal. Another myth is that alcohol is a magic potion that can transform you, and also that sports and alcohol go together.
How are the terms “alcohol use,” “alcohol abuse,” and “alcohol dependence” distinguished from one another?
“Alcohol use” refers to any consumption of alcohol; “alcohol abuse” implies excessive or harmful use, while “alcohol dependence” signifies a more severe condition marked by physical or psychological addiction. These terms exist on a continuum, representing different levels of problematic drinking behavior.
What is meant by the term “societal ambivalence” regarding alcohol? Provide an example.
Societal ambivalence refers to the conflicted attitudes society has towards alcohol. It is seen as harmless or beneficial in moderation, yet harmful in excess, which leads to inconsistencies in policies and personal behavior. For example, many societies view moderate drinking as socially acceptable, while simultaneously recognizing the severe dangers of excessive drinking.
Describe the “J-shaped” function regarding alcohol consumption and heart disease.
The “J-shaped” function suggests that light to moderate alcohol consumption can be associated with a lower risk of heart disease compared to both non-drinkers and heavy drinkers. However, excessive drinking and binge drinking significantly raise the risk.
How did the view of heavy drinkers evolve from being seen as morally flawed to victims of addiction?
heavy drinkers came to be seen as victims of addiction through temperance societies in the 1800s who promoted alcohol as an addictive substance, shifting the focus from moral failing to a disease concept.
What is the core idea of the “disease model” of alcoholism, and how does it differ from earlier addiction theories?
The “disease model” posits that some individuals are genetically predisposed to alcoholism, becoming addicted once they start drinking, and that total abstinence is necessary. This model emphasizes loss of control and contrasts with earlier addiction theories by highlighting genetic factors.
What does the Public Health Model of addiction consider, and how does it differ from the disease model?
The Public Health Model views drug use as an interaction among the drug, the individual, and the environment. It considers factors of each of these categories to develop prevention and treatment programs and the goal is harm minimization.
According to research, what are the most effective population-based strategies for reducing alcohol-related problems?
Research suggests the most effective strategies are those that reduce overall alcohol consumption levels. These can include taxation, restrictions on alcohol sales, advertising bans, and drink driving laws.
What are some evidence-based treatment approaches, as mentioned in the lecture, to aid individuals seeking help with alcohol problems?
Some evidence-based treatment approaches include motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP). These methods aim to assist individuals in managing their drinking problems by focusing on their motivations and triggers, while developing coping skills.
Why is it difficult to scientifically study Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), as mentioned in the lecture?
Studying AA is difficult because of its emphasis on anonymity, which makes it challenging to form randomized control groups for research studies, and also makes it difficult to track participant outcomes.
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