Week 6: Stress & disease prevention Flashcards
What is the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
A three-stage response to stress: Alarm, Resistance, and Exhaustion (Selye, 1946).
What are the two types of coping strategies?
Problem-focused coping (addressing the stressor directly) and emotion-focused coping (managing emotional responses).
Define the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping.
A framework by Folkman & Lazarus (1984) suggesting stress arises from an imbalance between demands and resources, emphasizing primary and secondary appraisals.
What role does cortisol play in stress?
It is the primary stress hormone released during the stress response, influencing energy metabolism and immune suppression.
How does chronic stress impact health?
Leads to immune dysfunction, cardiovascular issues, and mental health problems like anxiety and depression.
How does chronic stress affect the immune system?
It suppresses immune function, increasing susceptibility to illnesses (Kemeny, 2003).
What is the role of cortisol in stress?
It regulates energy and immune responses during stress but can cause health problems if chronically elevated.
What are the three stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome?
Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion (Selye, 1946).
What are three types of stressors, according to the stimulus approach?
Catastrophes, significant life changes, and daily hassles
What are two physiological responses to stress?
Increased heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, pupil dilation, cortisol release
What are the four types of cells active in the immune system?
T-cells, B-cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells
Name two ways stress can impact the cardiovascular system.
Increased risk of heart disease, increased inflammation, elevated blood pressure
What are two types of coping responses as defined by Lazarus and Folkman (1984)?20
Problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping
What is the difference between internal and external locus of control?
Internal locus of control: believing you control your destiny; external locus of control: believing chance or outside forces control your fate
how does social support impact recovery from illness?
Social support reduces
psychological distress (such as depression and anxiety- John Cacioppo, 1951-2018
