week 8 Flashcards
at what age are people typically in the train to train stage
Females aged 11-15, Males aged 12-16 approximately
what is developed in the train to train stage
Accelerated adaptations:
Females: Speed, Stamina, Strength
Males: Speed, Stamina, (potentially strength for earlier developers)
Sport specific skill development and refinement
Physical/mental “Engine” built – learn to cope with challenges & setbacks
Integrated mental/ cognitive /emotional development and preparation
Intro to “added weight” strength exercises (calisthenics, free weights, etc.,) & focus on ALL components of physical fitness (aerobic, strength & flexibility)
Optimize training and competition ratios and follow a 60:40 percent training-to-competition ratio
Utilize single and/or double periodization - year round training
Train athletes in regular competitive situations in the form of practice matches, scrimmages or competitive games and drills with formalized standings/rankings where applicable
Encourage athletes to focus on sports based on their desire to participate and their sport-specific potential (Talent ID/Selection -> Specialization towards the end of this stage)
what is developmentally appropriate training for train to train
Progressive increases in duration, volume & intensity
Acknowledges and addresses individual needs & stage of development
Incorporates appropriate equipment & training spaces
Dynamic warm-ups
All around fitness and athleticism comes before sport specific fitness
what is the importance of recovery in the train to train stage
Recognize sufficient recovery & rest are just as important as training & competition
Includes proper sleep & nutritional habits
what is meaningful competition in the train to train stage
May be modified in terms of play area and rules to match developmental stage of participants
In the early stages – focus more on the process of competing rather than results
Occurs in an appropriate ‘challenge zone’ trying to compete without blowouts, huge travel costs and time commitments
Offers more opportunity to play rather than just being defeated (round robins, consolation games, cross-over games, etc.)
what are the 3 components of talent optimization
- talent development
- talent identification
- talent foundation
what are four key features for talent development environments
Long-Term Aims and Methods
Wide Ranging Coherent Messages & Support
Emphasize Appropriate Development NOT Early Selection
Individualized and Ongoing Development
what is the nature model
Integrated, Holistic & Systematic
what are the components of long term aims and methods
long term vision purpose and identity
systemic planning and implementation
reinforce at a number of levels
what are the components of a wide ranging coherent messages and support
Provide Coherent Philosophies, Aims & Methods at a Variety of Levels
Educate Parents, Schools, Peers, Coaches & Important Others
Open Communication Patterns
set up a variety of support networks
what are the components of emphasize appropriate development not early selection
Performance is Different from Potential: The Need to Move Away from a Focus on Early Selection
Characteristics of Appropriate Development
Stage Specific Skills
what are the characteristics of appropriate development
i)Provision of Stage-Specific Integrated Training
General templates may help organize programs, but prescriptive templates must be avoided and adaptability/flexibility is key
ii) Fundamental Mental Skills
Emotional Attachment – pleasure in taking part in the activity
Learning, development, performance and life skills
iii) Fundamental Physical Skills
what are stage specific skills
i) Balance
The ability to balance stress while performing well
ii) Encouraging Responsibility & Autonomy in Learning
This is integral (‘demanded’) to the learner
iii) Develop Intrinsic Motivation
& Commitment
what are the components of individualized and ongoing development
Provide Opportunities & Fundamentals to as many young athletes as possible
Provide Flexible Systems to Allow for Performance & Physical Development Variation
Identify & Prepare Athletes for Key Transitions
Provide Regular Goal Setting & Reinforcement
what are key contributions to TD environments
Pre-Elite (Learn to Train, Train to Train) Contexts:
1) Coaches
i.e., coordinated/ meaningful multisport experiences
2) Informal support network
i.e., heightened transitions (appropriate challenge)
3) Sport organizations
i.e., developmental/progression structures in place
what is the early specialization model
Active Start
FUNdamentals/Learning to Train/Training to Train
Training to Compete
Training to Win
Active for Life
what is late specialization models
Active Start
FUNdamentals
Learning to Train
Training to Train
Training to Compete
Training to Win
Active for Life
what are the risks of specialization
One-sided, sport-specific preparation
Lack of ABCs, poor basic movements and fundamental sports skills
Overuse injuries
Early burnout
Early retirement from training and competition
