Week 8 Flashcards
Health inequity
-unjust differences in health between persons of different social groups
Health inequality
-observable health differences between subgroups within a population
Health disparities
-the differences in the state of health and health outcomes between people
Which groups of seniors are more at risk of social isolation
-ethnicity
-sexual and gender identity
-geography
-health and disabilities
-life transitions
-knowledge and awareness
Indigenous peoples living in canada
-were in good health prior to colonization
-contact with european settlers led to poorer health
-unknown diseases such as influenza debilitated indigenous health care
-discrimination in the form of the residential school system
-effects of colonialism continues to effect the health and healthy aging
Older adults that are caregivers
-greater risk of experiencing decreased social support and loneliness
Interventions for caregivers
-helping and financial support through informal assistance respite services
-home care or related services
-income and tax relief programs
Caregivers demographics
-the more caregiving they do, the more stress they experience
Immigrant older adults in canada
-immigrant adults are often healthier when they first arrive, however the longer they stay they experience unhealthy assimilation and end up aging less healthily
Suggested immigrant healthy aging interventions
-data collection and research on immigrant older adults in canada
-culturally and linguistically appropriate programs and services
-more supports for continuous immigrants
Older adults in rural areas
-increased risk of social isolation, smaller support networks, loneliness etc
-increased risk of morbidity, obesity, diabetes etc
Addressing older adults in rural areas
-providing better access to health and social care services
-joining up transport, housing, health and social care services
-developing cost-effective transport solutions
-improving housing and local environment conditions
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Low income older adults
-increased risk of loneliness, social isolation, poor health outcomes etc
Evidence informed policy options
-protected pensions for older canadians
-new class of workplace pension plans for low income
-improve retirement income options
Increasing cultural competence in healthy aging
-awareness
-knowledge
-skills
Culturally sensitive health care
-patient centered care/health literacy
-under-served needs
-cultural competence
-cultural targeting
Health promotion
-process of enabling people to increase control over and improve health by developing resources to maintain or enhance well being
Healthy aging framework prevention strategy components
-identify
-engage
-provide
-coach
-revise
Age friendly community
-community that responds to both the opportunities and challenges of an aging population by creating physical and social environments that support independent active living
Aging in place program plan components
-safety
-health
-connection
-standards
Self efficacy theory
-self efficacy is a persons belief in their ability to change their behaviour
What is increase in self efficacy associated with in older adults
-increased self care
-increased energy
-better sleep
-decreased pain and discomfort
-resilience against depression
-increased use of the healthcare system
-improvements of overall healthy aging
Master athletes
-starting as early as 25-35+ years
-activity dependent
-later life leisure
Expectations of aging for master athletes
-greater strength and power
-cardiorespiratory fitness increase
-increased bone density
-increased muscle mass
-greater meaning of life
-new friendships
Barriers of trying to be a master athlete
-constrained by socioeconomic factors
-reliant on free time, travel cost
-negative social comparison
-reduced motivation
Hierarchy of physical function
-group 1
-group 2
-group 3
Group 1
-healthy and physically fit
Group 2
-unhealthy independent and physically unfit
Group 3
-unhealthy dependent and physically unfit/frail
Basic activities of daily living
-dressing
-locomotion
-continence
-eating
-transferring
-walking and moving around
Instrumental activities of daily living
-using a telephone
-traveling
-shopping
-preparing meals
-housework
-taking medicine
Types of physical activity
-aerobic/endurance
-balance
-functional
Aerobic/endurance activity
-supplies O2 to brain
-walking etc
Balance activity
-strengthens muscles that keep you upright
-improve stability and prevent falls
Functional activity
-trains muscles to work together
-prepares for daily tasks by reproducing common movements
-various muscles in upper and lower body used at same time
Benefits of physical activity
-decrease blood pressure
-increased strength and CV endurance
-increase balance
-increase lung and breathing function
-improve immune function
-reduce depression and anxiety
-control obesity
-improves ability to perform tasks
-improves joint mobility
-improves sleep quality
Prevention and management of disease
-coronary heart disease
-stroke
-increased blood pressure
-late onset diabetes
-osteoporosis
Physical activity used to decrease diabetes
-aerobic and resistance exercise
How to improve cognitive aging
-physical activity
-social/leisure activities
-intellectual engagement
-nutrition
-stress management
-sleep
Physical activity and cognition
-highest levels of PA reduce risk of cognitive decline and dementia
-significant improvements in cognitive health and well being
Social/leisure activities and cognition
-social relationships maintain and improve cognitive and mental well being
Intellectual engagement and cognition
-music, theater, dance, and creative writing increases memory improvement
Older adults nutrition
-caloric restriction is not recommended for older adults
-some evidence suggests that mediterranean diet can reduce risk of dementia
-isolated vitamin deficiencies associated with cognitive disorders
