Week 7 Flashcards
Negative expectations for old age
-smelly
-demanding
-loss of autonomy
-senile
-boring
-demented
How do stereotypes exist
-explicit attitudes
-implicit priming
Explicit attitudes
-previously learned information
-direct and deliberate
-what people consciously endorse or believe
Implicit priming
-associations that are outside the conscious awareness
-unconscious and effortless
-indirect and automatic
Paternal prejudice
-most common attitude
-low competence, high warmth
Admiration
-high competence, high warmth
Contemptous prejudice
-low competence, low warmth
Envious prejudice
-high competence, low warmth
Stereotype research example (stairs)
-self efficacy and biomechanics related to stair navigation in older adults
-adults shown a positive message beforehand can navigate stairs with more confidence and efficiency
Stereotype research example (threats)
-stereotypes can impair older adults physical performance
Media representations
-higher percentage of positive portrayal for those under 50 than those above 50
-only 15% of images in the news are individuals over 50+
Disney roles for older adults
-many older adults were male
-older adults were mainly portrayed as negative
What is ageism
-how we think, feel and act towards others or ourselves based on age
Stereotypes
-think
Prejudice
-feel
Discrimination
-act
Cognitive stereotypes
-how we think about aging
Emotional prejudice
-how we feel about aging
Behavioural discrimination
-how we act about aging
WHO how many people are ageist against older people
-50%
Affects of ageism
-poor physical health
-delay in injury or illness recovery
-decreased mental health
-increased social isolation and loneliness
-lower quality of life
Categories of everyday ageism
-exposure to agist messages
-ageism in interpersonal interactions
-internalized ageism
Exposure to ageist messages
-messages that occur in everyday life
Ageism in interpersonal interactions
-any of the interactions you have with family and friends
Internalized ageism
-personal beliefs around ageism
Highest reported forms of ageism
-i see, hear, and/or read jokes about older people and aging
-i hear, see and/or read things suggesting that older adults are unattractive or undesirable
Combatting ageism
-policy and law
-education
-intergenerational integration
Combatting ageism with research
-investing resources in research activities
-important for campaigns to foster a learning environments
-ensure research findings are responded to in appropriate and timely matter
-know when to measure, what to measure, and how best to measure
Combatting ageism with community work
-participatory action research
-involve a range of government structures
-include representatives from affected communities in workshops, marketing and feedback
Individual factors types
-controlled
-not controlled
Controlled individual factors
-nutrition and lifestyle habits
-mindset outlook
-people we spend time with
-alterable environment
Not controlled individual factors
-genetics
-upbringing/family history
-past choices
-fixed environment
Most important perceived barrier to healthy aging
-multi-morbidity
Social comparison theory types
-upward comparison
-downward comparison
Upward comparison
-comparing themselves to someone better than them and having self-improvement motivation
Downward comparison
-comparing themselves to someone who is not aging as healthily and not wanting to be like them
Physical barriers
-age
-advanced age
-gender
-comorbitities
-addiction
-medical events
Social barriers
-illness and disability
-less access to quality relationships
-less contact with friends/relatives
-physical and cognitive limitations
-lack of supportive community
-personal responsibilities
-lack of acceptable social opportunities
-transportation
Aging and driving
-although there are changes to vision/reflexes and those 70+ are more likely to crash than young drivers
-this does not mean they shouldnt be allowed to drive
Spiritual barriers
-religious beliefs
-balancing what can and can not be changed
Environmental barriers
-low income
-accessibility
-education
-safety
-community design
-transportation
-services
Low income barriers for older adults
-higher rates of poverty
-initiating and maintaining behaviour change is difficult
-more likely to develop disease or die earlier
Group with highest incidence of poverty
-single older women
