week 7 New Flashcards
- Urticaria
Urticaria is a skin condition known as hives, resulting in itchy welts.
Signs and Symptoms: Itchy red bumps; may lead to larger welts.
Interventions: Use antihistamines and watch for airway swelling.
- Wheal
Wheal refers to a raised, itchy spot on the skin.
Signs and Symptoms: A round, elevated, often itchy patch.
Interventions: Remove the allergen and consider antihistamines.
- Histamines
Histamines are chemicals released during allergic reactions.
Signs and Symptoms: Can cause itching, redness, and swelling.
Interventions: Administer antihistamines to block their effects.
- Leukotrienes
Leukotrienes are chemicals that contribute to inflammation.
Signs and Symptoms: Can lead to wheezing and shortness of breath.
Interventions: Use bronchodilators if needed.
- Allergic reaction signs and symptoms
An allergic reaction is the immune system’s response to an allergen.
Signs and Symptoms: Itching, hives, and potential breathing difficulty.
Interventions: Identify the allergen; use antihistamines and possibly epinephrine.
- Indications for epinephrine in an allergic reaction
Epinephrine is used in severe allergic reactions, or anaphylaxis.
Signs and Symptoms for Indications: Difficulty breathing, swelling, and low blood pressure.
Interventions: Administer epinephrine immediately.
- Antibody
Antibodies are proteins that help the immune system fight infections.
Interventions: No direct intervention needed; support the immune response.
- Allergen
An allergen is a substance that can trigger an allergic reaction.
Signs and Symptoms: Itching, swelling, and respiratory issues that vary by individual.
Interventions: Avoid known allergens; treat symptoms.
- Removal of a stinger in a patient
Removing a stinger from an insect bite to prevent venom release.
Interventions: Use tweezers to gently pull out the stinger without squeezing.
- Anaphylaxis signs and symptoms
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction.
Signs and Symptoms: Rapid swelling, difficulty breathing, fainting.
Interventions: Administer epinephrine and monitor the patient closely.
- Steps for using an Epinephrine autoinjector
An autoinjector delivers epinephrine during anaphylaxis.
Steps: Remove cap, press against thigh, hold for 3 seconds, dispose properly.
- Allergic reaction
An allergic reaction is when the body overreacts to allergens.
Signs and Symptoms: Hives and difficulty breathing.
Interventions: Remove triggers and treat symptoms.
- Wheezing
Wheezing is a high-pitched sound made while breathing.
Signs and Symptoms: Difficulty breathing, especially during exhalation.
Interventions: Administer bronchodilators.
- Rales
Rales are abnormal lung sounds that occur during inhalation.
Signs and Symptoms: Often accompanied by cough and difficulty breathing.
Interventions: Provide oxygen and monitor closely.
- Stridor
Stridor is a harsh sound during breathing due to obstruction.
Signs and Symptoms: Difficulty breathing and a noticeable sound upon inhalation.
Interventions: Provide oxygen and be prepared for advanced airway management.
- Rhonchi
Rhonchi are low-pitched sounds in the lungs.
Signs and Symptoms: May include cough and difficulty breathing.
Interventions: Encourage coughing and provide oxygen.
- Hypnotic drug
Hypnotic drugs induce sleep or sedation.
Signs and Symptoms: Drowsiness and potential respiratory slowing.
Interventions: Provide airway support if necessary.
- Aspirin overdose signs and symptoms
An overdose occurs from taking too much aspirin.
Signs and Symptoms: Tinnitus, nausea, and confusion.
Interventions: Administer activated charcoal if applicable.
Substance Addiction
Addiction means compulsively using a substance despite harmful effects.
Signs and Symptoms: Loss of control over use, physical dependence.
Interventions: Refer for treatment programs and support.
- Substance withdrawal
Withdrawal symptoms occur when stopping substance use.
Signs and Symptoms: Anxiety, tremors, and digestional issues.
Interventions: Provide supportive care and monitor.
- Substance tolerance
Tolerance means needing more of a substance to achieve the same effect.
Signs and Symptoms: Increased usage without similar effects.
Interventions: Monitor dosages closely.
- Indications for activated charcoal
Activated charcoal absorbs certain toxins after ingestion.
Signs and Symptoms: Indicated for potentially dangerous substances.
Interventions: Check if it’s safe and administer via proper routes.
- Opioids
Opioids include pain-relieving prescription drugs and illegal substances.
Signs and Symptoms: Drowsiness and slowed breathing.
Interventions: Administer naloxone in suspected overdose cases
- Signs and symptoms of a narcotic overdose
Overdose of narcotics can lead to severe consequences.
Signs and Symptoms: Hypoventilation, confusion, and small pupils.
Interventions: Immediate airway support and naloxone admin.
