week 7 New Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Urticaria
A

Urticaria is a skin condition known as hives, resulting in itchy welts.

Signs and Symptoms: Itchy red bumps; may lead to larger welts.

Interventions: Use antihistamines and watch for airway swelling.

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2
Q
  1. Wheal
A

Wheal refers to a raised, itchy spot on the skin.

Signs and Symptoms: A round, elevated, often itchy patch.

Interventions: Remove the allergen and consider antihistamines.

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3
Q
  1. Histamines
A

Histamines are chemicals released during allergic reactions.

Signs and Symptoms: Can cause itching, redness, and swelling.

Interventions: Administer antihistamines to block their effects.

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4
Q
  1. Leukotrienes
A

Leukotrienes are chemicals that contribute to inflammation.

Signs and Symptoms: Can lead to wheezing and shortness of breath.

Interventions: Use bronchodilators if needed.

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5
Q
  1. Allergic reaction signs and symptoms
A

An allergic reaction is the immune system’s response to an allergen.

Signs and Symptoms: Itching, hives, and potential breathing difficulty.

Interventions: Identify the allergen; use antihistamines and possibly epinephrine.

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6
Q
  1. Indications for epinephrine in an allergic reaction
A

Epinephrine is used in severe allergic reactions, or anaphylaxis.

Signs and Symptoms for Indications: Difficulty breathing, swelling, and low blood pressure.

Interventions: Administer epinephrine immediately.

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7
Q
  1. Antibody
A

Antibodies are proteins that help the immune system fight infections.

Interventions: No direct intervention needed; support the immune response.

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8
Q
  1. Allergen
A

An allergen is a substance that can trigger an allergic reaction.

Signs and Symptoms: Itching, swelling, and respiratory issues that vary by individual.

Interventions: Avoid known allergens; treat symptoms.

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9
Q
  1. Removal of a stinger in a patient
A

Removing a stinger from an insect bite to prevent venom release.

Interventions: Use tweezers to gently pull out the stinger without squeezing.

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10
Q
  1. Anaphylaxis signs and symptoms
A

Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction.

Signs and Symptoms: Rapid swelling, difficulty breathing, fainting.

Interventions: Administer epinephrine and monitor the patient closely.

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11
Q
  1. Steps for using an Epinephrine autoinjector
A

An autoinjector delivers epinephrine during anaphylaxis.

Steps: Remove cap, press against thigh, hold for 3 seconds, dispose properly.

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12
Q
  1. Allergic reaction
A

An allergic reaction is when the body overreacts to allergens.

Signs and Symptoms: Hives and difficulty breathing.

Interventions: Remove triggers and treat symptoms.

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13
Q
  1. Wheezing
A

Wheezing is a high-pitched sound made while breathing.

Signs and Symptoms: Difficulty breathing, especially during exhalation.

Interventions: Administer bronchodilators.

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14
Q
  1. Rales
A

Rales are abnormal lung sounds that occur during inhalation.

Signs and Symptoms: Often accompanied by cough and difficulty breathing.

Interventions: Provide oxygen and monitor closely.

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15
Q
  1. Stridor
A

Stridor is a harsh sound during breathing due to obstruction.

Signs and Symptoms: Difficulty breathing and a noticeable sound upon inhalation.

Interventions: Provide oxygen and be prepared for advanced airway management.

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16
Q
  1. Rhonchi
A

Rhonchi are low-pitched sounds in the lungs.

Signs and Symptoms: May include cough and difficulty breathing.

Interventions: Encourage coughing and provide oxygen.

17
Q
  1. Hypnotic drug
A

Hypnotic drugs induce sleep or sedation.

Signs and Symptoms: Drowsiness and potential respiratory slowing.

Interventions: Provide airway support if necessary.

18
Q
  1. Aspirin overdose signs and symptoms
A

An overdose occurs from taking too much aspirin.

Signs and Symptoms: Tinnitus, nausea, and confusion.

Interventions: Administer activated charcoal if applicable.

19
Q

Substance Addiction

A

Addiction means compulsively using a substance despite harmful effects.

Signs and Symptoms: Loss of control over use, physical dependence.

Interventions: Refer for treatment programs and support.

20
Q
  1. Substance withdrawal
A

Withdrawal symptoms occur when stopping substance use.

Signs and Symptoms: Anxiety, tremors, and digestional issues.

Interventions: Provide supportive care and monitor.

21
Q
  1. Substance tolerance
A

Tolerance means needing more of a substance to achieve the same effect.

Signs and Symptoms: Increased usage without similar effects.

Interventions: Monitor dosages closely.

22
Q
  1. Indications for activated charcoal
A

Activated charcoal absorbs certain toxins after ingestion.

Signs and Symptoms: Indicated for potentially dangerous substances.

Interventions: Check if it’s safe and administer via proper routes.

23
Q
  1. Opioids
A

Opioids include pain-relieving prescription drugs and illegal substances.

Signs and Symptoms: Drowsiness and slowed breathing.

Interventions: Administer naloxone in suspected overdose cases

24
Q
  1. Signs and symptoms of a narcotic overdose
A

Overdose of narcotics can lead to severe consequences.

Signs and Symptoms: Hypoventilation, confusion, and small pupils.

Interventions: Immediate airway support and naloxone admin.

25
Q
  1. Routs for poisonings to occur
A

Routes show how poisons enter the body, like ingestion or inhalation.

Interventions: Identify the route to manage exposures appropriately.

26
Q
  1. Sympathomimetic overdose
A

Occurs with excessive stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system.

Signs and Symptoms: Rapid heart rate, increased blood pressure, and agitation.

Interventions: Manage symptoms; consider calming medications.

27
Q
  1. Substance abuse
A

Substance abuse is harmful use of psychoactive substances.

Signs and Symptoms: Neglect of personal duties and social connections.

Interventions: Encourage treatment and provide support.

28
Q
  1. Injected poison
A

Injected poison enters the body through bites or needles.

Signs and Symptoms: Pain, swelling, and possible systemic issues.

Interventions: Monitor closely and provide supportive care.

29
Q
  1. Alkaline poison
A

Alkaline poisons have high pH and can cause burns.

Signs and Symptoms: Burning pain and difficulty swallowing.

Interventions: Rinse skin; do not induce vomiting; seek emergency help.

30
Q
  1. Priorities when you encounter a surface contact poison
A

Managing exposure to surface poisons effectively.

Signs and Symptoms: Skin irritation and potential systemic effects.

Interventions: Remove clothing, rinse with water, and support airway management.

31
Q
  1. Acetaminophen overdose
A

Occurs when too much acetaminophen is ingested.

Signs and Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, and liver damage.

Interventions: Administer N-acetylcysteine and monitor liver health.

32
Q
  1. Delerium tremens (DTs)
A

DTs are severe withdrawal symptoms from alcohol.

Signs and Symptoms: Severe confusion, hallucinations, and seizures.

Interventions: Use benzodiazepines for control and monitor closely.