Week 7 Lymphatic vessels and spleen

Question 1

What is the lymphatic system?

Answer 1

network of capillaries, thin vessels, valves, ducts and organs.

Question 2

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

helps protect and maintain the internal fluid environment of the body
Absorbs and transports fat
Plays a vital role in Defence

Question 3

How are lymphocytes added to lymph?

Answer 3

Added to lymph as it passes through the lymph nodes

Question 4

WHere do lymphatic capillaries occur?

Answer 4

Where there are blood capillaries which form a closed network but with a larger mesh. They originate in the intercellular spaces of most tissues.

Question 5

Where are lymphatic capillaries found?

Answer 5

In the skin and mucous membranes

Question 6

How do pass through the spleen and liver?

Answer 6

through irregular spaces called sinusoids

Question 7

What are lymph vessels?

Answer 7

Thin walled vessels which drain the networks of cappilaries.
They exist between lymphatics and veins
Have more valves than veins as hey do not have a pump system pushing fluid around the body, vavles prevent build up and backflow of fluid.

Question 8

What does the lymphatic system follow?

Answer 8

Veins

Deep lymphatics do follow arteries though

Question 9

What are lymph nodes and what is there faunction?

Answer 9

Flattened shape oval structures that are enclosed in a fiborous connective tissue capsule
They filter lymph
are a factory for lymphocytes
contain antibodies
can be a pathway for spread

Question 10

How does lymph flow into lymph nodes?

Answer 10

Into via Afferent lymph vessles

Out of via efferent lymph vessels

Question 11

What is lymphoid tissue?

Answer 11

collections of enormous numbers of migratory and semimigratory lymphocytes
Play a role in immune reactins of the body

Question 12

Where does lymphoid tissue occur?

Answer 12

in lymph nodes
tonsils
follicles in the intestine
appendix
thymus
spleen

Question 13

What affect lymphatic flow?

Answer 13

is negligible in a non-mobile limb
active during muscular activity
intermittent pressure on vessels muscle contraction)
suction within thorax
inspiration
movements of organs surrounding lymphatics

Question 14

What are the main channels of the lymphatic system?

Answer 14

3 trunks and 2 ducts;
Trunks:
Jugular
Subclavian
Bronchiomediastinal

Ducts:
Thoracic duct
Right lymphatic duct

Question 15

What is the spleen?

Answer 15

A soft, highly vascular and mobile organ which is the largest lymphatic organ within the body.

Question 16

What is the size of the spleen?

Answer 16

12 cm long, 7 cm wide and 3 cm thick

Roughly the size of a clentched fist

Question 17

What are the borders of the spleen?

Answer 17

Anterior, superior, posterior and nferior borders

Question 18

Where is the spleen found?

Answer 18

deep to ribs 9-11 on the left

Question 19

Where does the outer convexity of the spleen lie?

Answer 19

against the diaphragm

Question 20

What does the inner concavity have?

Answer 20

impressions for the stomach, kidney, splenic flexure of the colon and the tail of the pancreas at its hilum

Question 21

What does the spleen rest on?

Answer 21

the left colic flexure

Question 22

What is the spleen lined by?

Answer 22

A thin fiborous capsule of visceral peritoneum expect at the hilum

Question 23

What sits in relation to the spleen?

Answer 23

Anteriorly:
Stomach 
Posteriorly:
Left aspect of the diaphragm
Left ribs 9-11
Inferiorly:
Left colic flexure
Medially:
Left kidney

Question 24

What attaches to the hilum of the spleen?

Answer 24

The Gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments

Question 25

What is a pulp?

Answer 25

There are two types of pulp, white and red.
White pulp is lymphoid tissue and is the centre for production of lymphocytes
Red pulp are blood cells that destroy old erythrocytes

They are smooth muscle and are friable in texture (easily crumbled)

Question 26

What are the functions of the spleen?

Answer 26

Defence (produces WBC) 
Produces lymphocytes in new borns
contains phagocytes
act as a resevoir or storage for blood
destruction and recycling of erythrocytes
resevoir for plateletes

Question 27

What is the arterial supply to the spleen?

Answer 27

Splenic artery

Question 28

What is the nerve supply to the spleen?

Answer 28

Sympathetics:
abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves by the celiac ganglion
Parasympathetic:
Vagus nerve