week 6 peritoneum and peritoneal cavity

Question 1

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 1

A continuous serous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities and clothes/invests the viscera

Question 2

How many layers are in the peritoneum have?

Answer 2

Consists of two layers that are conitnuous with each other, these are
Parietal
Visceral

Question 3

How does the parietal peritoneum receive its blood and nerve supply?

Answer 3

Receives the same blood and nerve supply as the region of the wall it lies on.

Question 4

How does the visceral peritoneum receive its blood and nerve supply?

Answer 4

receives the same blood and nerve supply as the organ it covers

Question 5

What is the function of peritoneal fluid?

Answer 5

allows movement of viscera and prevents friction

Question 6

How much of the intraperitoneal organs are covered in peritoneum

Answer 6

the whole organ aside from the hila

Question 7

how much of the extraperitoneal or retroperitoneal organs are covered in peritoneum

Answer 7

usually one surface

Question 8

how are peritoneal ligaments, omenta and mesetaries formed

Answer 8

where visceral peritoenum encloses or suspends organs

Question 9

What is mesentary

Answer 9

A double layer peritoneum that results from the invagination of the peritoneum by an organ
it provides neurovascular communication to the organ and body wall
connects viscera to the posterior abdominal wall
have connective tissue containing blood, lymphatic vessels, nerves, lymph nodes and fat

Question 10

What is Omentum

Answer 10

Omentum is a fold of peritoneum that passes from the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum to adjacent organs or the abdominal wall

Question 11

Where is the lesser omentum found?

Answer 11

lesser curvature of the stomach to proximal part of the duodenum of the liver

Question 12

Where is the greater omentum found? and how many layers does it have?

Answer 12

4 layers, attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach and the proximal duodenum to the transverse colon and its mesentary

Question 13

What is the liver connected to?

Answer 13

Anterior abdominal wall
Gastrohepatic ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament
portal vein
hepatic artery
bile duct

Question 14

What is the stomach connected to?

Answer 14

Inferior surface of the diaphragm (gastrohepatic ligament)
Spleen (gastrosplenic ligament)
Transverse colon (gastrocoliac ligament)

Question 15

What are peritoneal folds?

Answer 15

reflections of peritoneum that are raised from the body wall by underlying blood vessels

Question 16

What is the peritoneal recess (or fossa)

Answer 16

is a pouch of peritoneum that is formed by the peritoneal fold

Question 17

What is the peritoneal cavity divided into?

Answer 17

Greater and lesser peritoneal sacs

Question 18

Where does the greater extend to?

Answer 18

from the diaphragm to the pelvis

Question 19

Where does the lesser sac extend to?

Answer 19

From the Diaphragm between the layers of the greater omentum

Question 20

What is the omental foramen?

Answer 20

an epiploic foramen that allows the two sacs two sacs to communicate with one another through an oval window

Question 21

What are the borders of the omental foramen?

Answer 21

Anterior:
 (bile duct, hepatic artery and portal vein)
Posterior:
Inferior vena cava
Superior:
caudate lobe of the liver
Inferior:
1st part of the duodenum

Question 22

How is the greater sac divided into two compartments and what are their names?

Answer 22

by the transverse mesoncolon
Supracolic (stomach, liver and spleen)
Infracolic (small intestine, ascending and descending colon)

Question 23

What are the functions of the peritoneum?

Answer 23

Suspend viscera
Convey blood, lymph vessels and nerves to organs
Store fat
Ensures mobile viscera can glide
infection control

Question 24

What is an interesting function of the greater omentum?

Answer 24

Can wrap around the appendix to reduce inflammation and localise infection