Week 7 : Everyday Memory

Question 1

What is everyday memory?

Answer 1

Memory phenomena that individuals experience daily

Question 2

What is autobiographical memory?

Answer 2

memories of memories

Question 3

What is a schema?

Answer 3

Integrated knowledge system allows us to make judgements/exceptations

Question 4

What is a memory?

Answer 4

An interaction between an event and pre-existing schema

Question 5

What is the schema processing principle?

Answer 5

Helps us updated previous schemas

Question 6

What is childhood amnesia?

Answer 6

No recollection of life before 3 years of life (no autobiographical memory)

Question 7

What are some explanations for childhood amnesia?

Answer 7

Repression - Freud. Neurological - still growing brain. Undeveloped schema and semantic memory and self recognition at 18 months

Question 8

What is the reminiscence bump?

Answer 8

18-25 years old memories are remembered and reflected on

Question 9

What causes this bump?

Answer 9

pre-frontal cortex is not developing or degrading

Question 10

What are flashbulb memories?

Answer 10

Highly detailed and vivid memories

Question 11

What is the cross-race effect?

Answer 11

Harder to identify cross-race than within race

Question 12

What are the explanations for this?

Answer 12

Expertises hypothesis and the social cognitive

Question 13

What is the expertise hypothesis?

Answer 13

So much more practice at differentiating faces

Question 14

What is the social cognitive explanation?

Answer 14

Have to work harder to discriminate faces within race

Question 15

What are the stages of eyewitness memory?

Answer 15

Perceptual stage, encoding stage, storage stage, retrieval stage

Question 16

What can affect the perceptual stage?

Answer 16

lighting

Question 17

What can affect the encoding stage?

Answer 17

level of arousal/stress, stress has a narrowing effect on memory

Question 18

What can affect the storage stage?

Answer 18

Time fades memories

Question 19

What can affect the retrieval stage?

Answer 19

Leading questions

Question 20

What are the explanations for misinformation effects?

Answer 20

Vacant slot, memory consistence and response bias

Question 21

What is eyewitness confidence?

Answer 21

There is a low correlation between accuracy and confidence

Question 22

What are the three stages of the cognitive interviews

Answer 22

recall in different orders, recall the whole thing and from different perspectives