Week 1: Cognition

Question 1

What is the information processing approach?

Answer 1

information is received - ran through the senses - ran through processing - behavioural response

Question 2

What are some criticisms of information processing?

Answer 2

It is too simplistic and it doesn’t account for parallel processing

Question 3

What is parallel processing?

Answer 3

Information is processed simultaneously

Question 4

What is serial processing?

Answer 4

Information is processed one step at a time

Question 5

What is bottom up processing?

Answer 5

Processing started by stimuli and information is processed in your brain then processes what you know

Question 6

What is top down processing?

Answer 6

Processing started by what you know about the stimuli and then processing the information

Question 7

What is rate coding?

Answer 7

Coding at a greater rate because there are more neurons working together encoding information

Question 8

What is temporal coding?

Answer 8

Neurons response to information is synchronised, more synchronised more coding

Question 9

What does experimental psychology do?

Answer 9

Helps make psychology more empirical

Question 10

What are some limitations of experimental psychology?

Answer 10

Low ecological and face validity

Question 11

What is cognitive neuropsychology?

Answer 11

Looking at brain damaged patients and seeing what and where is impaired

Question 12

What are some limitations of cognitive neuropsychology?

Answer 12

No baseline, ungeneralisable

Question 13

What is cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 13

Studying the brain function of cognitive processing

Question 14

What are some neuron facts?

Answer 14

There’s 80 billion neurons and 1 connects to 10,000 other neurons

Question 15

What are the 5 areas of the brain?

Answer 15

Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe, Temporal lobe, Cerebellum

Question 16

What are the 4 brain tests?

Answer 16

EEG, TMS, MRI, FMRI

Question 17

What is an EEG?

Answer 17

Electro pulses into the brain from electrodes which helps measure single cell recordings of neuron activity

Question 18

What does EEG stand for?

Answer 18

Electroencephalography

Question 19

What are ERP’s?

Answer 19

Event-related potentials. wavelengths (electrical response) from stimulation (an event)

Question 20

What are the advantages of EEG?

Answer 20

Good temporal resolution

Question 21

What are the limitations of EEG?

Answer 21

Poor spatial resolution

Question 22

What is a MRI?

Answer 22

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Question 23

What does a MRI do?

Answer 23

Magnetic radio waves make the water molecules align and this alignment can be disrupted.

Question 24

What is Diffusion Tensor Imaging?

Answer 24

Measuring white matter by measuring the direction of water molecules

Question 25

What can Diffusion Tensor Imaging do?

Answer 25

It can help us study connections or the relationship to brain regions

Question 26

What is a FMRI?

Answer 26

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Question 27

What does a FMRI do?

Answer 27

Measures the BOLDS, blood oxygen level dependent signal, active brain regions have higher blood oxygen level

Question 28

What are the advantages of FMRI?

Answer 28

Great spatial resolution

Question 29

What are the disadvantages of FMRI?

Answer 29

Poor temporal resolution

Question 30

What is TMS?

Answer 30

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Question 31

What does TMS do?

Answer 31

Stimulate the brain with tiny magnetic waves that affects the brains electrical activity

Question 32

What are the advantages of TMS?

Answer 32

Cheap, non-invasive, casual evidence

Question 33

What are some disadvantages of TMS?

Answer 33

Potential risk to individuals of epilepsy

Question 34

What are some limitations of cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 34

Very generalised