Week 2 : Vision

Question 1

What are rods and how many are there?

Answer 1

Responsive for light and movement and 125 million

Question 2

What are cones and how many are there?

Answer 2

Responsible for colour and sharpness and 6 million

Question 3

What is visual light?

Answer 3

Electromagnetic waves of the spectrum

Question 4

What light in the human eye is most sensitive?

Answer 4

Green light

Question 5

What is the Trichromatic theory?

Answer 5

All colour are made from three colours

Question 6

What does the eye respond to?

Answer 6

the eye responds to different wave lengths through a process called photoreceptors

Question 7

What are the three different wavelengths?

Answer 7

short - red, medium - yellow or green and long - blue

Question 8

What is the opponent processing theory?

Answer 8

You cannot process an object as green/red

Question 9

What is colour constancy?

Answer 9

The wavelengths are different but your eye sees them as the same colour

Question 10

What is the respective field?

Answer 10

The retina

Question 11

What happens after the retina?

Answer 11

two pathways

Question 12

What is the Magnocelluar Pathway?

Answer 12

mp - is the pathway for motion from the rods

Question 13

What is the Pavo-cellular pathway?

Answer 13

pp - is the pathway for colour from the cones

Question 14

What happens after the PP and MP after the retina?

Answer 14

Optic nerve, Optic chasm, Optic tract, LGN, optic radiation and primary visual cortex

Question 15

What is Retinotopy?

Answer 15

the retina sees things next to each other in the visual field and the neurons next to each other process the objects

Question 16

What is lateral inhibition?

Answer 16

Reduction in activity because of a neighbouring neuron (lateral being right next to each other)

Question 17

What is the primary visual cortex V1?

Answer 17

Extracts information from the visual field

Question 18

What does damage to the V1 do?

Answer 18

Blindness

Question 19

What is the functional Specialisation theory?

Answer 19

Every part of the visual cortex is specialisation for different functions

Question 20

What is every function from V1 to V5?

Answer 20

V1/V2 is sensory information, V3 is form of an object, V4 is colour and V5 is motion

Question 21

What is cortical Achromatopsia?

Answer 21

Colour blindness

Question 22

What is Ankinetopsia?

Answer 22

Deficit in ability to detect motion/motion blindness

Question 23

What is the model of object recognition?

Answer 23

stage 1 is colour, motion and shape. stage 2 is perceptual segregation (separating objects to make them make sense) stage 3 is structural descriptions and stage 4 is semantic meaning

Question 24

What is Agnosia?

Answer 24

can’t recognise objects/impairment

Question 25

What are the two types of agnosia?

Answer 25

associative and apperceptive

Question 26

What is associative agnosia?

Answer 26

Deficit in the ability to attach meaning to objects

Question 27

What is apperceptive agnosia?

Answer 27

Deficit in the ability to identify an object

Question 28

What is perceptual organisation?

Answer 28

Separating visual input into individual objects with their own meanings

Question 29

What is Gestalts laws of perceptual organisation?

Answer 29

Law of proximity, law of continuation, law of closure, law of similarity

Question 30

What are some problems with this?

Answer 30

Only descriptive, aren’t always bottom up processes.

Question 31

What is figure-ground segregation?

Answer 31

Being able to see two images from one ambitious image

Question 32

What are some caveats in perception studies?

Answer 32

Mostly male participants and European.

Question 33

What is facial recognition?

Answer 33

A within category discrimination process

Question 34

What is prosopagnosia?

Answer 34

Not being able to identify faces