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ECU Language Disorders > Week 7 - Assessment and Intervention for Emerging Language (ch.7) > Flashcards

Week 7 - Assessment and Intervention for Emerging Language (ch.7) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)?

4

A

Process of systematically applying interventions

Based upon the principles of learning theory

Improves socially significant behaviors to a meaningful degree

Demonstrates the interventions employed are responsible for the improvement in behavior

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2
Q

What 0-3 year olds are eligible for early intervention services?

(2)

A

Children with risk factors identified at birth

Others identified later

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3
Q

What are three Early Screening Instruments?

A

Language Development Survey (Rescorla, 1989)

Communicative Development Inventory (Fenson et al., 2007)

Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Caregiver Questionnaire (Wetherby and Prizant, 2003)

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4
Q

What is Transition Planning in early childhood intervention?

A

Planning to transition from 0-3 programs to preschool services-mandated by law

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5
Q

How do you create Family Centered Practices for 0-3 year olds?

(9)

A

Learn what parent’s hopes for intervention

Learn family expectations and discuss them and create consensus treatment plan

Include family’s assessment of child

Have families help choose natural learning environments

Review progress with families

Learn names of important people

Ask families to help involve child’s interests as learning opportunities

Let families be involved and to acquire new skills

Enable parents to do what works for their family

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6
Q

What Communication Skills are normally seen in Typically Developing Toddlers (8-18 months of age)?

(3)

A

Preverbal intentional communication using gaze, gesture, and vocalization at 8-12 months

Expressive vocabulary starts slowly

Sounds used are same as those found in early babble

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7
Q

How many words does a 12 month old have on average?

A

1-3 words

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8
Q

How many words does a 15 month old have on average?

A

10 words

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9
Q

How many words does a 18 month old have on average?

A

50-100 words, first word combinations

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10
Q

What is contained in the first 50 words?

4

A

Proper and common nouns

Adjectives

Verbs

Social terms

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11
Q

What are five characteristics of the first 50 words?

A

Most have CV shape

Emerging closed syllables (CVC)

Are one syllable

Some reduplicated

Sounds same as in early babble

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12
Q

What is the average expressive vocabulary size at 18 months?

A

100 +/- words

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13
Q

Do multiword utterances increase in frequency at 18 months?

A

Yes

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14
Q

What are new communicative intentions that emerge at 18 months that relate to discourse level functions?

(3)

A

Answering

Acknowledging

Requesting information

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15
Q

Is an 18-month-old’s ability to understanding sentences far ahead of their production?

A

No

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16
Q

Does an 18-month-old’s repertoire of speech sounds increase?

How?

A

Yes

CVC and multisyllabic words increase (many are still single syllable)

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17
Q

How intelligible is an 18-month-old on average?

A

50% intelligible

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18
Q

What sort of meanings are expressed in early two-word utterances (around 18 months)?

(5)

A

Agent, action, object combinations

Possession

Location

Attributes

Meanings related to object permanence

(Word order is consistent within these combinations)

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19
Q

What is the average expressive vocabulary size at 24 months)?

What word classes are used at 24 months?

(5)

A

150-300 (300 is average)

Object, action words

Kinship terms

Spatial terms

Question words

Color, shape words

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20
Q

What grammatical morphemes are used at 24 months?

3

A

Verb phrase marking emerges (some overgeneralization)

Grammatical forms for sentences such as questions

Negatives

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21
Q

What is the normal length of sentences at 24 months?

A

3-5 words

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22
Q

How intelligible is a 24-month-old on average?

A

50%-70%

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23
Q

What two models can be used to assess communicative skills in children with emerging language?

(2)

A

Multidisciplinary Models

Transdisciplinary Models

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24
Q

What are Multidisciplinary Models?

A

Each professional does independent assessment

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25
What are Transdisciplinary Models?
Child interacts with one adult, team members suggest assessment activities and observe assessment
26
What developments do certain gestural and play skills appear to be related to? (3)
Intentions First words Word combinations
27
What is Play Assessment comparing?
Nonlinguistic comparison to language performance
28
What are some sample methods for Play Assessment? | 3
Communication and symboloic play scale Play Scale McCune assessment
29
What are some sample methods for Gesture assessment? | 2
Communication Development Inventory CSBS
30
What is Intentional Communication Assessment?
Looks for range of communicative functions
31
Who do we use Intentional Communication Assessment with? What does it assess?
Primarily children with little spoken language Communicative basis for speech
32
What are we looking for in Intentional Communication Assessment? (4)
Requests (for objects, actions) Protests/rejections (regulatory functions) Comments (joint attention functions) Higher level discourse functions
33
In Intentional Communication Assessment, what frequency of communication are we looking for at 12 months?
1 intentional act/minute
34
In Intentional Communication Assessment, what frequency of communication are we looking for at 18 months?
2 intentional acts/minute
35
In Intentional Communication Assessment, what frequency of communication are we looking for at 24 months?
More than 5 intentional acts/minute`
36
What forms of communication are we looking for in Intentional Communication Assessment? (4)
Gaze Gesture Vocalization Speech
37
Can comprehension strategies mask deficits in receptive language?
Yes
38
How many standardized tests are sufficient to assess Language Comprehension in children with emerging language? What is an assessment tactic we can use?
Very few Identify levels of linguistic comprehension and strategy use in language
39
What specific levels of language comprehension are we looking for in Language Comprehension? (4)
Single nouns Verbs Agent-action instructions Agent-action-object combinations
40
Are there many standardized tests of early language production?
No
41
How can CommunicationSampling be used to assess children with emerging language? (4)
Sample speech and communication Home-recorded audio sample Parent diary (see Figure 7-4) Clinic-derived sample
42
Why might we assess Phonological Skills in children with emerging language? (2)
There is a strong correlation between phonology and lexical development We need to know what sounds child can produce to help choose words child can learn
43
What do we look at when assessing Phonological Skills in children with emerging language? (3)
Consonant inventory from communication sample Syllable structure Relational phonology (comparing child's model to adult)
44
How do we use the child's phonological inventory when assessing Phonological Skills?
The number of consonants can help us to assess the severity of speech delay
45
How do we assess Emerging Lexical Production? | 2
Parent report vocabulary checklists Parent report of general communication skill
46
How does Semantic-Syntactic Production help us assess children with emerging language? (2)
Relative frequency of word combinations vs. single word production from communication sample Range of semantic relations expressed in multiword utterances
47
What is the average MLU at 24 months?
48
How do we assess the range of semantic relations expressed in multiword utterances? (2)
Lahey’s content/form analysis or Lee’s Developmental Sentence types (If more than 30% to 50% are not within these categories, explore relations in other categories to determine if they are more or less advanced)
49
What different kinds of assessments can be used to assess children with emerging language? (7)
Play and Gesture Assessment Intentional Communication Language Comprehension Communication Sampling Phonological Skills Assessing Lexical Production Semantic-Syntactic Production
50
How are eligibility decisions made for children with emerging language? (3)
Local and state guidelines Accumulation of risk factors –consider intervention If disorder is only expressive language only, child will be monitored
51
What must we employ in our eligibility decisions for children with emerging language?
Family-centered practices
52
What should we employ in our Intervention Strategies for children with emerging language? (9)
Develop play and gestural production Increase frequency of intentional and communicative behavior (both preverbal and verbal) Develop receptive language Increase vocal and phonological production repertoire (sounds and syllables) Increase vocabulary production, based on phonological and syllable repertoire Include labels Include verbs Include relational words (more, all gone) Include social interactional words (hi, night-might)
53
How should we change our intervention once a child's expressive vocabulary reaches about 50 words?
Begin encouraging production of word combinations
54
What three things should we include in our intervention goals for children with emerging language?
Increase number of enjoyable and successful communicative interactions child has with adults Increase child’s communicative attempts with or without prompting Increase child’s ability to respond to adult communication attempts
55
What did Weatherby and Prizant say we should help develop in Communicative Intent-Functions? (11)
Comment on object Comment on action Showing off Calling Acknowledgment Clarification Request object Request action Request information Request permission Request social routine
56
What sorts of requests did McLean and Snyder-McLean say we should help develop in Communicative Intent-Functions? (6)
Attention Attention to self Objects Instrumental action Information: feedback Non-instrumental action
57
What is the benefit in Play-based Intervention? | 4
Children learn best by engaging and interacting with environment Children learn through social interactions involving communication and problem solving Skills are acquired incrementally representing normal maturational process Play is significant context where incremental skills can be learned, practiced and mastered
58
What is one key to childhood development?
Adult’s encouragement of child
59
Can learning of new skills can be influenced by emotions?
Yes
60
Are all aspects of child’s thought (world) are important to functioning?
Yes
61
What are five characteristics of a Play-Based Approach?
Child-centered Family-focused Peer-oriented Culturally and developmentally relevant Based on pleasurable interactions
62
What are Intervention Methods that can be used with children with emerging language? (3)
Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching Parent Training Indirect Language Stimulation
63
What methods are used in Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching? | 4
Arranging environment Following child’s attentional lead Building Social Routines Use Specific Consequences
64
What specific consequences are used in Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching? (3)
Prompts Models Natural Consequences
65
What can we train parents to do for children with emerging language? (3)
Forced choice Developing core vocabulary Incidental teaching
66
What do we do in Indirect Language Stimulation for children with Emerging Language? (6)
Follow child’s lead Expansion Extension Recasts Open-ended questions Verbal reflective questions
67
How do we help develop Sounds, Words, and Word Combinations in children with emerging language? (3)
Increasing Phonological Skills Developing a First Lexicon Developing Word Combinations

ECU Language Disorders (12 decks)

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