Week 1: Intro

Question 1

In “Who’s On First,” who played….

First Base?

Second Base?

Third Base?

Pitcher?

Catcher?

Left Field?

Right Field?

Short Stop?

Answer 1

Who

What

I Don’t Know

Tomorrow

Today

Why

(Unnamed)

I Don’t Give A Darn

Question 2

ASHA defines a Language Disorder as an impairment in the _____ and/or _____ of a _____(3) system. The disorder may involve the _____ (3) of language in communication any combination.

Answer 2

Comprehension

Use

Spoken, written, and/or symbol

Form, Content, and/or Function

Question 3

What is the Form of a Language?

3

Answer 3

Phonology

Morphology

Syntax

Question 4

What is the Content of a Language?

Answer 4

Semantics

Question 5

What is the Function of a Langauge?

Answer 5

Pragmatics

Question 6

What does ASHA’s definition of Language Disorders assume?

Answer 6

Naturalistic Perspective

Question 7

What is a Naturalistic Perspective?

Answer 7

One that defines an impairment looking at an average level of ability as that achieved by a similar group of people

Question 8

How do we diagnosis Language Disorders?

3

Answer 8

Standardized Test Scores

Comparisons

IQ

Question 9

What is a Normative Perspective?

2

Answer 9

One that looks at the impact of the impairment in a child’s development and everyday life

Looks at society’s values and expectations of behavior

Question 10

In what three ways can a language disorder prevent a child from meeting societal expectations?

Answer 10

Social relationships

Academic Achievement

Employment Prospects

Question 11

What would constitute a Language Disorder using a Normative Perspective?

Answer 11

Does a child’s level of language achievement create an unacceptable level of risk of poor outcomes

Question 12

Between what three things do we need to differentiate when assessing a young child for a Language Disorder?

Answer 12

Delay

Disorder

Difference

Question 13

What is LD DELAY?

Answer 13

The child is slower to learn language skills but is acquiring them in a typical developmental order

Question 14

What is LD DIFFERENCE?

Answer 14

The child’s language behaviors and skills are not exactly the same as their primary speech community

Question 15

When was Gall important?

What did he do?

Answer 15

1825

Differentiating between children with intellectual disabilities and children with poor understanding and use of speech

Question 16

When were Broca and Wernicke important?

What did they do?

Answer 16

1861, 1874

Found a relationship between the brain and language use in adults

Question 17

When was Orton important?

What did he do?

(2)

Answer 17

1937

Was a neurologist

Found a connection between language learning and the acquisition of reading & writing

Question 18

When were Ewing, McGinnis, Myklebust important?

What did they do?

Answer 18

1930-1971

Worked with deaf children who had language disorders

Question 19

What are the two types of Language Disorders?

Answer 19

Receptive

Expressive

Question 20

What is an Expressive Language Disorder?

Answer 20

Difficulty communicating one’s wants and needs

Question 21

What is an Receptive Language Disorder?

Answer 21

Understanding another’s speech

Question 22

What is a Communication Disorder?

Answer 22

The inability to clearly communicate with others

Question 23

What is a Speech Sound Disorder?

Answer 23

Unintelligible speech

Question 24

What is a Developmental Langauge Disorder?

Answer 24

Not acquiring language in a way expected for one’s age and gender

Question 25

What is a Primary DLD (Language Impairment)?

2

Answer 25

Language acquisition is the prominent challenge

No biological cause

Question 26

What is a Language Learning Disorder (school age children)?

Answer 26

Poor decoding and literacy skills

Question 27

What difficulties do children with DLD have with Grammar?

2

Answer 27

Weak morphology and/or semantics

Omitting morphological markers

Question 28

What are some morphological markers often dropped by children with DLD? (3)

When should these be acquired?

Answer 28

-ed

Plural -s

Copula form of “to be”

Age 5

Question 29

What are some difficulties older children with DLD have?

5

Answer 29

Difficulty with wh- questions

Limited verb form usage

Poor understanding of passive tense

Poor understanding of embedded clauses

Poor understanding of pronomial references

Question 30

How do DLDs affect Language Form?

Answer 30

Phonological deficits

Question 31

What is the prevalence of SSD in 6 year olds?

What is the co-occurance of language impairments for children with SSD?

Answer 31

3. 8%

1. 3%

Question 32

What Phonological Processing Deficits contribute to Language Disorders?

(4)

Answer 32

Difficulty discriminating speech sounds

Difficulty categorizing speech sounds and meaningful contrasts,

Difficulty remembering novel speech sound sequences,

Difficulty manipulating sounds of the language

Question 33

How does DLD affect Content?

3

Answer 33

Delayed acquisition of first words and phrases

Limited vocabulary

Make naming errors: e.g., knife ~ cutting thing

Question 34

How does DLD affect Content in older children?

2

Answer 34

Difficulty with multiple meaning words (book: something to read, set up a trip, run)

Trouble learning verbs (impacts sentence structures)

Question 35

How does DLD affect Pragmatics?

6

Answer 35

Difficulty with initiating and maintaining conversations,

Requesting and providing clarification,

Turn-taking,

Matching social context style

Emotional information,

Understanding figurative language (idioms, sarcasm)

Question 36

How do we diagnosis DLD?

2

Answer 36

Comparison to children of the same:

• Chronological Age
• Mental Age

Question 37

Why are Mental Age test unreliable?

2

Answer 37

Testing requires the need to understand and follow directions

Discrepancies between receptive/expressive language do not tell how a child will respond to therapy