Week 4: Principles of Intervention Flashcards
What are the Purposes of Intervention?
4
Change or eliminate underlying problem
Change the disorder
Teach compensatory strategies
Modifying communicative context (group size, requesting vs demanding, etc.)
What three ways do we intervene in and change language behavior?
(3)
Facilitation
Maintenance
Induction
How does Facilitation intervene in and change language behavior?
(3)
Helps the child reach milestones sooner
Increases awareness
Builds foundation for future skills
How does Maintenance intervene in and change language behavior?
Preserving behavior that might decrease or disappear
How does Induction intervene in and change language behavior?
Determines acquisition of new skills (teaching ASL, etc.)
How do we use Evidence-Based Practices clinically?
2
Integrating clinical expertise with the best available research evidence
Examine external vs. internal evidence
What should we think about regarding External Evidence?
2
Be skeptical
Grade the studies you find on relevance, level of evidence, and the direction, strength, and consistency of observed outcomes
What is Internal Evidence?
2
Clinical experience
Family preferences
How can you formulate EBP clinical questions using PICO?
P-Patient/problem: individualize the question
I-Intervention: choose an intervention that has internal evidence and face validity for this Patient
C-Comparison: identify a comparison treatment (such as your usual approach) to compare and contrast with Intervention
O-Outcome: specify a desired outcome
What should we consider when setting intervention goals?
5
Setting Priorities
Communicative function of goals
New forms to express old functions (or new functions to express old forms)
Teachability
Client phonological skills
What the three levels of intervention goals?
Basic
Intermediate
Specific
What should we consider before prioritizing goals?
Zone of Proximal Development
What is Clinician-Directed Intervention?
3
Drill
Drill-play
Modeling
What is Child-Centered Intervention?
2
Facilitated play
Indirect language stimulation
What is Mixed Intervention?
4
Focused stimulation
Vertical structuring
Milieu Communication Training (MST)
Script therapy
What is the main flow of a Child-Centered Approach?
3
Observe
Wait
Listen
What are the major Techniquesof a Child-Centered Approach?
6
Self-talk or parallel talk
Imitation
Expansions
Extensions
Buildups and breakdowns
Recast sentences
How does a Mixed Approach to intervention work?
3
Target 1 or small set of specific language goals
Clinician maintains majority of control (selecting activities and materials)
Clinician uses linguistic stimuli to respond and to highlight targeted forms
What is the benefit of Script Therapy?
Using a familiar routine to reduce the cognitive load of language training
What are the major techniques of Script Therapy?
3
Action scripts
Verbal Scripts
Literature-based scripts and interactive book reading (commenting, asking questions, responding by adding, etc. Give time to respond!!!)
How do we make Clinician-Directed Therapy more natural?
4
Make language informative
Make communicating within tasks motivating
Use cohesive texts
Move from “here and now” to “there and then”
How can we structure intervention activities to maximize learning?
(5)
Modify the linguistic signal
Determine “dosage” intensity
Determine intervention modality
Consequating client language
Enhance active engagement
How do we modify the Linguistic Signal when structuring intervention strategies?
(5)
Rate
Repetition
Increasing perceptual salience
Controlling complexity
Obligating pragmatically appropriate responses
How do we determine the Intervention Modality when structuring intervention strategies?
(2)
Comprehension vs. production
AAC
How can we enhance generalization in intervention?
6
Many trials
Modify therapy sequence (person, place, and materials)
Make clinic materials similar to natural environment
Intermittent or delayed reinforcement
Use distracter items
Encourage self-monitoring
What are the Contexts of Intervention?
3
Nonlinguistic stimuli
Timing
Service delivery models
What are Nonlinguistic Stimuli?
3
Pictures
Toys, objects
Electronic stimuli
What are the Service Delivery Models?
5
Clinical
Consultation
Parents, teacher, para-professionals, peers
Language-based classroom
Collaboration
How do we Evaluate Intervention Outcomes?
3
Termination criteria (Box 3-11)
Evaluating effectiveness
Determining response to intervention (RTI)
What is Response to Intervention (RTI)?
Tiered levels of instruction base on ongoing progress monitoring
What is the role of the SLP in RTI?
5
Consultation with teachers on choice of evidence-based Tier 1 instruction for enhancing language and literacy performance
Participate in ongoing progress monitoring to ID students who need higher tiers of instruction
Select goals and methods for Tiers 2 and 3; train personnel to deliver Tier 2, possibly Tier 3
Participate in delivery of Tier 3 instruction
Participate in ID of students who need special educational plans beyond Tiers 2 and 4
What is Primary Prevention?
Reduces incidence of communication disorders
What is the SLP’s role in Primary Prevention?
3
Wellness promotion
Advocacy of public policy that promotes wellness
Participation in research that leads to ID of risk factors for communication disorders
What is Secondary and Tertiary Prevention?
2
Secondary prevention to minimize impact of disorder
Rehabilitation to reduce disability associated with a disorder and increase functional, adaptive competence
What are some examples of Secondary and Tertiary Prevention?
Early ID and intervention (newborn hearing screening, etc.)
Community screenings
