week 7

Question 1

1. The functional and structural unit of the kidneys is the

Answer 1

nephron_.

Question 2

2. Urine passes through the

Answer 2

pelvis of the kidney to ureter to bladder to urethra.

Question 3

3. An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to a(n) increase in the production of

Answer 3

ADH_.

Question 4

4. The kidneys are stimulated to produce

Answer 4

renin

Question 5

renin is produced due to

Answer 5

decrease in the blood pressure

Question 6

5. Which gland sits atop each kidney?

Answer 6

adrenals

Question 7

6. The glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it is drained by an

Answer 7

efferent arteriole.

Question 8

7. When the blood supply to the glomerulus decreases, what changes occur to the diameter of the afferent arteriole

Answer 8

dilatation

Question 9

8. The ureters are capable of

Answer 9

peristaltic movement, like that of the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 10

9. The renal corpuscle is made up of the

Answer 10

bowmans capsule and the glomerulus

Question 11

10. Stretching of the bladder/detussor muscle acts as

Answer 11

the trigger for the initiation of micturition (voiding)?

Question 12

12. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is responsible for regulating the rate of filtrate formation and controlling systemic

Answer 12

blood pressure

Question 13

13. Angiotensin II is a substance made by the body to

Answer 13

to increase blood pressure during stress.

Question 14

14. The filtration membrane includes the glomerular endothelium, basement membrane and

Answer 14

podocytes/visceral membrane.

Question 15

15. The fluid in the glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule is similar to blood except that it does not contain

Answer 15

erythrocytes, leucocytes, thrombocytes, plasma proteins such as albumin

Question 16

16. Incontinence is the

Answer 16

inability to control voluntary micturition.

Question 17

17. The glomerular (Bowman’s) filtrate is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of

Answer 17

of plasma proteins.

Question 18

18. The function of angiotensin II is to

Answer 18

constrict arterioles and increase blood pressure

Question 19

19. The nephron reabsorbs nearly 99 to100% of the bicarbonate present in the glomerular
    filtrate.

true or faslse

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

20. If one says that the clearance value of glucose is zero, it means all the glucose is

Answer 20

reabsorbed by the nephron and that there is no glucose in urine.

Question 21

21. Urine crystals in the renal pelvis are called

Answer 21

calculi.

Question 22

22. The need to get up in the middle of the night to urinate is called

Answer 22

nocturia.

Question 23

23. Name the condition for the abnormal urinary constituents listed below:

Glucose

Answer 23

glycosuria

Question 24

23. Name the condition for the abnormal urinary constituents listed below:

ketone bodies

Answer 24

keetoneuria

Question 25

23. Name the condition for the abnormal urinary constituents listed below:

bile pigments

Answer 25

bilirubinuria

Question 26

23. Name the condition for the abnormal urinary constituents listed below: proteins

Answer 26

proteinuria

albuminuria

Question 27

23. Name the condition for the abnormal urinary constituents listed below:

hemoglobin

Answer 27

haemoglobinuria

Question 28

23. Name the condition for the abnormal urinary constituents listed below:

erythrocytes

Answer 28

haematuria

Question 29

23. Name the condition for the abnormal urinary constituents listed below:

dead leukocytes + bacterial remnants

Answer 29

pyuria

Question 30

24. Filtration of blood occurs in the

Answer 30

glomerular corpuscle

Question 31

25. Renal blood pressure remains fairly constant due to the function of the

Answer 31

Juxtaglomerular apparatus.

Question 32

26. The kidneys are retroperitoneal which means that they are located

Answer 32

behind the peritoneal cavity.

Question 33

27. Name the hormone produced in the kidney, which regulates the rate of erythropoiesis.

Answer 33

erythropoietin