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Theory 2 > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

________________ is the collapse of a lung or lobe

A

Atelectasis

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2
Q

Pulmonary Edema occurs acutely as a result of ______________?

A

Heart failure

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3
Q

Frothy and blood-tinged sputum is a sign of?

A

Pulmonary edema

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4
Q

______________ is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that happens when you’re lying on your back

A

Orthopnea (or-thaap-nee-uh)

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5
Q

For pulmonary edema, __________ are used to improve contractility and when clients can’t tolerate reduction in BP

A

Inotropes

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6
Q

_________________ is an acute inflammation of the lung parenchyma
caused by a microbial agent

A

Pneumonia

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7
Q

__________ is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways

A

Asthma

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8
Q

_____________ is when you have too much carbon dioxide in your blood.

A

Hypercapnia

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9
Q

_____________________ is a measurement of how much air a person can forcefully exhale in one breath

A

Peak expiratory flow (PEF)

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10
Q

Pulmonary edema occurs acutely as a result of what condition?

A

Heart failure

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11
Q

Name some manifestations of pulmonary edema?

A

 Respiratory distress
 Air hunger
 Central cyanosis
 Agitated and anxious
 Frothy and blood-tinged sputum
 Confusion
 Orthopnea
 Inability to speak in full sentences

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12
Q

Frothy and blood-tinged sputum is associated with what kind of respiratory disease?

A

Pulmonary edema

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13
Q

What are some nursing Assessment & Diagnostic Investigation the nurse will preform for pulmonary edema?

A

 Fluid balance
 Chest x-ray
 Peripheral edema
 Vital signs
 Level of consciousness (LOC)
 Precipitating factors

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14
Q

What are some examples of nursing diagnosis for pulmonary edema?

A

 Excess fluid volume
 Tissue perfusion, pulmonary
 Ineffective breathing pattern
 Impaired gas exchange
 Anxiety
 Impaired verbal
communication

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15
Q

What are (5) medications used for pulmonary edema?

A

 Lasix (onset 20 mins, pulmonary
edema not always a result of
fluid overload)
 Inotropes to improve
contractility and when clients
can’t tolerate reduction in BP
 Vasodilators: Nitroglycerine
 Oxygen therapy
 Morphine

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16
Q

Nursing Interventions for pulmonary edema?

A

 Monitor pulse oximetry & respirations
 Auscultate breath sounds
 Administer oxygen
 High fowlers
 Monitor weight; I/O (catheterize)
 Vital signs and ECG
 Administer medications, monitor results
 Pace activities
 Monitor for restlessness, anxiety, and work of breathing

17
Q

What are manifestations of pneumonia?

A
  • High fever, chills, diaphoresis
  • Chest discomfort
  • Nonproductive cough
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Crackles on auscultation
  • Dyspnea, tachypnea, orthopnea
  • O2 sat may be normal or low
  • lethargy, changes in mental status
18
Q

A nonproductive cough is AKA?

A

A dry cough

19
Q

Manifestations of pneumonia for severe cases? (2)

A
  • Flushed cheeks
  • central cyanosis of lips and nail beds
20
Q

What are Diagnostic Tests for pneumonia?

A

 History
 Physical examination
 Chest x-ray
 Sputum culture and
sensitivity
 Gram stain of sputum
 Pulse oximetry or ABGs

21
Q

(7) Pneumonia Complications

A
  • Unresolved pneumonia
  • Respiratory failure
  • Pleural effusion
  • Confusion
  • Sepsis/ shock
  • Atelectasis
  • Death
22
Q

Pneumonia nursing Interventions include?

A

Monitor resp and O2 Sats status
- Auscultate breath sounds
- Humidification may be used to loosen secretions
- Coughing techniques
- Position to maximize resp efforts
- Chest physiotherapy
- Incentive spirometry
- Suctioning if needed
- Teach nutrition, hygiene, rest, regular exercise to maintain natural resistance
- Prompt treatment of URIs

23
Q

What are (2) key things that happen with asthma?

A
  • bronchoconstriction
  • wet & mucus filled bronchi
24
Q

What respiratory disease affects just the bronchi?

A

Asthma

25
Q

What is the ASTHMA acronym for S&S?

A

A- Accessory muscle use
S- SOB
T - Tight chest and tachypnea (fast rep rate)
H - High pitched wheezing
M - minimal diminished breath sounds
A - Absent breath sound - priority

26
Q

The nurse is instructing a client with asthma on the proper method for using MDIs. What med is administered 1st?

A

Beta agonist

27
Q

What should the nurse do for a client that is dyspneic (SOB)?

A

Assist client with pursed lip breathing

28
Q

The nurse is caring for a patient with a pneumothorax. The nurse expects the client to have a chest tube inserted because?

A

It will drain air out of the thorax, and restore normal intrathoracic pressure.

29
Q

The nurse is caring for a patient with hemopneumothorax, chest tube. The nurse expects what color of drainage?

A

Red

30
Q
A

Theory 2 (11 decks)

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