Week 7 Flashcards
What are two review of systems questions that can be asked for Gastrointestinal concerns?
Ask about nausea or vomiting, or diarrhea or other changes in bowel habits
What organs may be found in the RUQ of the abdomen?
right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right kidney, and portions of small and large intestines
What organs may be found in the LUQ of the abdomen?
left lobe of liver, stomach, left kidney, spleen, pancreas, portions of small and large intestines
What organs may be found in the RLQ of the abdomen?
cecum, appendix, portions of small and large intestines, right reproductive organs, and right ureter
What organs may be found in the LLQ of the abdomen?
most of the small intestine, part of large intestine, left reproductive organs, and left ureter
What are two disease processes that can occur with RUQ abdominal organs?
cholecystitis, hepatitis
What are possible signs/symptoms of diseases involving the RUQ of the abdomen?
pain when consuming spicy or fatty foods, pain radiating to shoulder, gas/distention, jaundice, hematemesis, nausea, vomiting
What is a disease process that can occur with RLQ abdominal organs?
appendicitis
What are possible signs/symptoms of diseases involving the RLQ of the abdomen?
sharp pain, fullness/mass, diarrhea, blood in stool, gas/distention, vomiting
What is a disease process that can occur with LUQ abdominal organs?
colitis
What are possible signs/symptoms of diseases involving the LUQ of the abdomen?
dirrhea, hematochezia, gas/distention
What is a disease process that can occur with LLQ abdominal organs?
diverticulitis
What are possible signs/symptoms of diseases involving the LLQ of the abdomen?
dirrhea, tenesmus, constipation, hematochezia, gas/distention
What are two disease processes that can occur with organs in the epigastric area?
GERD and pancreatitis
What are possible signs/symptoms of diseases involving the epigastric area of the abdomen?
nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, pain with eating, heartburn/reflux, odynophagia, bloating, pain radiating to back
What are three disease processes than can occur within the suprapubic area?
pylenephritis/UTI, renal stone, or pelvic inflammatory disease
Define dyspepsia
indigestion or epigastric pain
Define dysphagia
discomfort or difficulty when swallowing
Define odynophagia
pain when swallowing
Define hematemesis
blood in vomit
Define melena
black, tarry stools (from GI bleed)
Define hematochezia
bright red blood in stools (usually rectal blood)
Define tenesmus
sensation of need to defecate
What is guarding? What are the two types?
contraction of abdominal wall muscles; voluntary and involuntary (in form of rigidity)
What are common causes of involuntary guarding?
peritoneal inflammation secondary to contact with blood, stomach acid, stool, urine, or bile
