Week 6 Flashcards
What are two questions that can be asked for the pulmonary review of systems?
Ask about coughing or shortness of breath
What type of normal breath sounds have a very loud intensity, very high pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?
tracheal
What type of normal breath sounds have a loud intensity, high pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?
bronchial
What type of normal breath sounds have a moderate intensity, moderate pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?
bronchovesicular
What type of normal breath sounds have a soft intensity, low pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?
vesicular
How is the sound of crackles best described?
discontinuous popping velcro
What conditions are commonly associated with crackles?
pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary edema, pneumonia
How is the sound of wheezing best described?
musical breath sounds through a tube (high or low pitched)
What conditions are commonly associated with wheezing?
asthma
How is the sound of ronchi best described?
a low-pitched, gurgling wheeze
What conditions are commonly associated with rhonchi?
COPD
Where are pleural rubs best auscultated?
At the axilla and base of the lungs
Stridor is heard with the narrowing of what airways types?
trachea
Wheezing is heard with the narrowing of what airway type?
bronchial airways
How is the sound of stridor best described?
A loud, mostly inspiratory, high-pitched wheeze (tusken raider)
What conditions are commonly associated with stridor?
croup or tracheitis
How is the sound of a pleural rub best described?
creaking or grating
What conditions are commonly associated with a pleural rub?
pleuritis, or pneumonia with effusion
What conditions can lead to dullness to percussion of the chest?
pneumonia, pleural effusions, or tumors
What conditions can lead to hyperresonance to percussion of the chest?
pneumothorax or emphysema
What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?
Barrel chest; related to increased anterior/posterior diameter (COPD)
What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?
Kyphosis; anterior/posterior curvature
What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?
pectus excavatum; posterior displaced sternum
What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?
pectus carinatum; anterior displaced sternum
Define hemoptysis
coughing or spitting up blood
Define dyspnea
difficult or labored breathing
Define retractions
drawing in of intercostal muscles during inhalation
Indicate on yourself where the four normal breath sounds may be auscultated
