Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are two questions that can be asked for the pulmonary review of systems?

A

Ask about coughing or shortness of breath

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2
Q

What type of normal breath sounds have a very loud intensity, very high pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

A

tracheal

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3
Q

What type of normal breath sounds have a loud intensity, high pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

A

bronchial

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4
Q

What type of normal breath sounds have a moderate intensity, moderate pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

A

bronchovesicular

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5
Q

What type of normal breath sounds have a soft intensity, low pitch, and have an I:E ratio as pictured?

A

vesicular

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6
Q

How is the sound of crackles best described?

A

discontinuous popping velcro

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7
Q

What conditions are commonly associated with crackles?

A

pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary edema, pneumonia

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8
Q

How is the sound of wheezing best described?

A

musical breath sounds through a tube (high or low pitched)

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9
Q

What conditions are commonly associated with wheezing?

A

asthma

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10
Q

How is the sound of ronchi best described?

A

a low-pitched, gurgling wheeze

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11
Q

What conditions are commonly associated with rhonchi?

A

COPD

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12
Q

Where are pleural rubs best auscultated?

A

At the axilla and base of the lungs

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13
Q

Stridor is heard with the narrowing of what airways types?

A

trachea

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14
Q

Wheezing is heard with the narrowing of what airway type?

A

bronchial airways

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15
Q

How is the sound of stridor best described?

A

A loud, mostly inspiratory, high-pitched wheeze (tusken raider)

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16
Q

What conditions are commonly associated with stridor?

A

croup or tracheitis

17
Q

How is the sound of a pleural rub best described?

A

creaking or grating

18
Q

What conditions are commonly associated with a pleural rub?

A

pleuritis, or pneumonia with effusion

19
Q

What conditions can lead to dullness to percussion of the chest?

A

pneumonia, pleural effusions, or tumors

20
Q

What conditions can lead to hyperresonance to percussion of the chest?

A

pneumothorax or emphysema

21
Q

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

A

Barrel chest; related to increased anterior/posterior diameter (COPD)

22
Q

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

A

Kyphosis; anterior/posterior curvature

23
Q

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

A

pectus excavatum; posterior displaced sternum

24
Q

What is the name of the pictured chest abnormality and what is it caused by?

A

pectus carinatum; anterior displaced sternum

25
Q

Define hemoptysis

A

coughing or spitting up blood

26
Q

Define dyspnea

A

difficult or labored breathing

27
Q

Define retractions

A

drawing in of intercostal muscles during inhalation

28
Q

Indicate on yourself where the four normal breath sounds may be auscultated

A