Week 6 - The Pelvis Flashcards
Location of the kideneys
Posterior abdominal wall either side of the spine
Posteiror relations to the kidney
Quadrants lumbonum
11th and 12th rib
Diaphragm
Describe the path of the ureters
Run down the posterior abdominal wall to the bladder
What are found at the super medial borders of the kidneys
Suprarenal glands
What % of the cardiac output goes to the kidneys
25%
Blood supply to the kidneys is via
Single pair of renal arteries
What drains the kidney of blood, where is this blood returned to
Renal vein
Returned to the inferior vena cava
What are the three zones of the kidney
Cortex, medulla and the renal pelvis
What is the structural and fuctional unit of the kidney
Nephron
What are cortical nephrons
Mainly found in the cortex
What are juxta-meduallary nephrons
Found at the junction between the medulla and the cortex
What hormones produced by the suprarenal glands
Adrenaline, aldosteorne, cortisol
What are the membranes that surround the testes derived from
The anterior abdominal wall
What is the epididymis
Coiled tube which matures the sperms and sends to the vas dferens
Describe the location of the Vas Deferens
Runs along the back of the testes
What is the function of the vas deferens during ejaculation
Contraction propelling the sperm into the urethra picking up the secretions from accessory sex glands
Where are the sperm formed
In the seminiferous tubules
What is the tunica albuginea
White/grey fibrous material which covers the testes
What is the tunica vaginalis
Pouch of membrane which covers the albuginea
Where does the bladder lie in females
Anterior to the uterus in the front of the pelvis
Describe the bladder in relation to the peritoneum
Sub peritoneal and only has a layer of peritoneum on its upper surface
What can be said about the location of a full bladder
No longer fully contained in the true pelvis
What does the male bladder lie above
The prostate
What occurs as a reuslt of parasympathetic stimulation of the bladder
Micturition
What occurs as a result of sympathetic stimulation of the bladder
Contraction of the sphincters and continecne is maaintained
The male hemi pelvis contains the …. of the vas deferens
Proximal half
What else is contained in the male hemi pelvis
Seminal vesicles
Prostate
Urether
What structures in the hemi pelvis are common to both sexes
Rectum, bladder and pelvic diaphragms
Where do the visceral structures recieve their sympathetic ANS from
Hydrogastric plexus that enters the pelvis from the sympathetic chain on the posterior wall of the wall
Where do visceral structures receive their parasympathetic supply on
Pelvic splanchic nerves
Where do most of the strcutures of the pelvis recieve their blood supply from
The internal iliac artery
Where does the rectum reieve its blood supply from
The inferior mesenteric arterty
What is the function of the coprus spongiosum
Protection of the urethra at erection
What fills with blood at erection
The coprus cavenosum
What is the artery which supplies blood to the penis
Puedenal artery (branch of the internal iliac artery)
What is the major nerve of the penis
Puedenal nerve
Function of the seminal vesicle
Secrete the fluid which becomes the semen
What is the ejaculatory duct a union of
Union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicles
Bulbourethral gland is found where? What does it secrete
Just below the prostate
Secretes a protein rich fluid 5% of the ejaculate
Which part of the uterus is directed downwards?
Which part of the uterus is directed upwards?
The cervix
The uterus
What are the uterine tubes covered by - how many layers
Double layer of ligament known as the broad ligament
Where is sympathetic innervation of the uterus from
Hypogastric plexus
Where is parasympathetic innervation of the uterus from
From plevic splanchic nerves
Where is blood supply of the ovaries from
Why is it this the case?
Develop on the posterior abdominal wall
Take the blood supply from there as they descend down
Where is blood supply to the vagina and uterus from
Branches of the internal iliac arteries
Describe the broad ligament
Holds the uterus to the pelvis
Descirbe the ovarian ligament
Holds to ovaries to the uterus
Describe the supensory ligaments
Directed upwards over the iliac vessels - not considered to be a true ligament
Where does the inguinal canal run from and to
From the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle
What goes through the inguinal canal in males
The spermatic cord
What goes through the inguinal canal in females
The round ligament
Layers of the inguinal canal from innter to outer
Peritoneum Transversalis fascia Transverse abdominals Internal obliques External obliques
