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BMS246 Anatomy > Week 1 - Chest and Lungs > Flashcards

Week 1 - Chest and Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

How many ribs

A

12

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2
Q

True ribs

A

1-7

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3
Q

Why true ribs

A

Attach directly to the sternum

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4
Q

False ribs

A

8-10

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5
Q

Why false ribs

A

Attach to sternum via the costal cartilage

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6
Q

Floating ribs

A

11 and 12

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7
Q

Why floating ribs

A

Don’t articulate with the sternum

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8
Q

The first rib is

A

Fixed

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9
Q

Because the first rib is fixed what does this mean when the intercostal muscles contract

A

All will get pulled up except for the first rib

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10
Q

What is the order or arternies veins and nerve in the costal groove

A

Vein Arteries Nerves

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11
Q

Three parts of the sternum start superior

A

Maniburium
Body
Xiphoid processes

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12
Q

How would you orientate a rib

A

Look for costal groove, that is always on the inferior side

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13
Q

What is the hole in the middle of the vertebrae called

A

Vertebral canal

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14
Q

What is the bumpy bit at the back of the vertrbrae

A

Dorsal spineous process

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15
Q

What can be said about the xiphoid process in an adult

A

Usually ossified

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16
Q

Uppermost 10 pairs of ribs …

A

Articulate posteriorly with the vertebral column and articualte anteriorly with the sternum

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17
Q

What is the sternal angle

A

When the manubrium of the sternum meets the body

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18
Q

Describe the intercostal muscles from outer to inner

A

External
Inner
Innermost

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19
Q

Which part is responsible for bucket handle respiration

A

Thorax - movement of the ribs

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20
Q

Which part is repsonsible for pump handle respiration

A

Sternum

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21
Q

The thorax creates what movement druing respiration

A

Bucket handle

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22
Q

The sternum creates what movement during respiration

A

Pump handle

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23
Q

What is the notch at the top of the sternum called

A

Jugular notch

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24
Q

What are the two notches either side of the jugular notch called

A

Clavicular notch

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25
Q

Does the diaphragm go right the way back the the ventrbal column, why?

A

No,

Descending aorta runs behind

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26
Q

What nerves innervate the diaphragm

A

Phrenic (L and R)

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27
Q

Right lung has how many lobes

A

3 lobes

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28
Q

Left lung has how many lobes

A

2 lobes

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29
Q

Why does the left lung only have two lungs

A

Because heart on left side, less space

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30
Q

What is found in the middle mediastinum

A

Heart

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31
Q

At what thoracic level dividies the superior mediastinum from the rest

A

T4

32
Q

What is significant about the t4/t5 level

A

Sternal angle
Many vessels - arch of the aorta
Splits superior mediastinum from inf
Biurification of the trachea

33
Q

What is special about the first rib

A

Fixed doesn’t move

34
Q

How can you tell external intercostals

A

Hands in pockets

35
Q

Hand can you tell internal intercostals

A

Hands on tits

36
Q

Describe when the external intercostals are used

A

Contract upon inhalation aiding the rising of the chest

37
Q

Describe when the internal intercostals are used

A

Contract upon forced expiration to help depress the ribs

38
Q

Describe the bucket handle movement of the thorax

A

Elevation of the ribs causes and increase in lateral diameter of the ribcage

39
Q

Describe the pump handle movement of the sternum

A

Elevation of the ribs

Increase in antero-posterior diameter of thoracic cavity

40
Q

Top part of the sternum

A

Maniburium

41
Q

What may be found on the lateral surfaces of the body of the sternum

A

facets for rib articulation

42
Q

What are the processes called on vertebrae either side of the spinous process

A

Transverse process

43
Q

What is the name of the notch in ribs that carriers veins arteries and nerves

A

Costal groove

44
Q

What is the point on ribs

A

Angle

45
Q

What are the three levels of the diaphragm
AT BACK
MIDDLE
FRONT

A

T12
T8
T10

46
Q

Is the curve of the diaphragm more inferior posteriorly or anteriorly

A

Anteriorly

47
Q

The body of the sternum begins at which level

A

T4/5

48
Q

What pleura lines the lungs

A

Visceral

49
Q

Which pleura lines the chest wall

A

Parietal

50
Q

How many lobes right lung

A

3

51
Q

Names of the lobes of the right lung

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

52
Q

What fissue separates the superior and middle lobe

A

Horizontal

53
Q

What fissue separates the middle and inferior

A

Oblique

54
Q

How many lobes left lung

A

2

55
Q

Names of left lung lobes

A

Superior

Inferior

56
Q

What is the name of the fissue found on the left lung

A

Oblique

57
Q

Behind the _______ lung there is a depression caused by the ___________

A

Left

Descending aorta

58
Q

What is the hilum

A

Where the arteries veins and airways are

59
Q

Which blood vessel lies more inferior. Pulm artery or vein

A

Pulmonary vein

60
Q

At what level is the oblique fissure of the right lung

A

T2

61
Q

At what level is the horizontal fissure of the right lung

A

Rib 4

62
Q

The pulmonary vein is _________ to the pulmonary artery

A

Inferior

63
Q

The pulmonary artery is ________ to the pulmonary vein

A

Superior

64
Q

The chest is bound by the _________ laterally and the ________ internally

A

ribcage

Diaphragm

65
Q

What pierces the diaphragm

A

Oesophagus and the inferior vena cava

66
Q

The left phrenic nerve controls what side of the diaphragm

A

Right

67
Q

What separates the diaphragm from the abdomen

A

Thoracic diaphragm

68
Q

The way in which nerves innervate the chest wall can be described as

A

Segmental

69
Q

Where does the vagus arise

A

Brainstem

70
Q

Where does the vagus enter the chest

A

Close to the sides of the trachea and oesophagus

71
Q

What is the function of the vagus

A

innervate the organs of the chest then penetrates the chest to supply the organs of the viscera

72
Q

Where does the phrenic nerve arise

A

C 3 4 5

73
Q

The phrenic nerve runs _________ to the vagus

A

Lateral

74
Q

The vagus nerve runs ________ to the phrenic

A

Medial

75
Q

The phrenic nerve passes infront of

A

The roots of each lung

76
Q

What is the lingula

A

Shape of tounge on the left lung

BMS246 Anatomy (7 decks)

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