Week 6 references

Question 1

Hallet friction model

Answer 1

Hallet 1979, 1981

Question 2

Sandpaper friction model

Answer 2

Schweizer and Iken 1992

Question 3

Abrasion includes both ‘polishing’ and ‘striation’

Answer 3

Benn and Evans 2010

Question 4

Heat pump effect

Answer 4

Robin 1976

Question 5

Removal of quarried/plucked material: ice enters joints and envelops clasts

Answer 5

Rea and Whalley 1994

Question 6

Freeze-on will preferentially take place in isolated cavities/where Pw falls

Answer 6

Röthlisberger and Iken 1981

Question 7

Solution is an important CO2 sink during deglaciation

Answer 7

Sharp et al 1995

Question 8

Can use landform evidence to find glacier erosion rates - reconstruct preglacial landscape and compare to adjacent eroded landscape

Answer 8

Nesje et al 1992

Question 9

Results of glacier erosion rates:

Iceland/France = 0.9 mm/a basalt, 36 mm/a marble

Answer 9

Boulton 1974

Question 10

Results of glacier erosion rates:

Sognefjord W Norway = 1 mm/a over 600,000 years (FAST)

Answer 10

Nesje et al 1992

Question 11

Results of glacier erosion rates:

Polar glaciers 0.01mm/a

Small temperate glaciers (Alps) 1 mm/a

Large flowing glaciers (Alaska) 10-100 mm/a

Answer 11

Hallet et al 1996

Question 12

Example of erosion rate under an alpine glacier: Franz Josef

Answer 12

Herman et al 2015

Question 13

Latitude as a control on erosion rate

Answer 13

Koppes et al 2015

Question 14

Topographic steering is an important feedback

Answer 14

Kessler at al 2008