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Glaciers and Glaciation > Week 10 references > Flashcards

Week 10 references Flashcards

1
Q

Plucking and bedrock communition forms a continuum:

Fractured bedrock

Pulverised bedrock

Mono-lithological diamicton

A

Hiemstra et al 2007

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2
Q

Stress (and therefore failure) is exponential towards the ice-bed interface

A

van der Wateren 1995

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3
Q

Deforming bed theory found by researching how ice streams are moving so fast in Antarctica

A

Alley 1986, 1987

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4
Q

A and B horizon tills in deforming bed theory

A

Boulton and Hindmarsh 1987

Boulton et al 2001

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5
Q

Experiment on Breidamerkurjokull, outlet of Vatnajokull SE Iceland for deforming bed theory

A

Boulton and Hindmarsh 1987

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6
Q

Ice deformation; Breidamerkurjokull till strain patterns = non-linearly viscous material

A

Boulton and Hindmarsh 1987

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7
Q

Ice deformation; perfect plastic rheology

A

Iverson et al 1997, 1998

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8
Q

Ice deformation; plastic failure at vertically migrating levels

A

Engelhardt and Kamb 1998

Truffet et al 1999/2000

Tulaczyk et al 2000

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9
Q

Ice deformation; observations of subglacial tills from paleo-ice sheet beds = plastic failure at vertically migrating levels

A

Evans et al 2006

O Cofaigh et al 2007

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10
Q

Sub-till and intra-till stratified sediments are indicative of sliding glacier bed conditions

A

Piotrowski and Tulaczyk 1999

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11
Q

Sliding and deforming bed mosaic is related to temporal and spatial variation in subglacial effective pressure (Pi-Pw)

A

Boulton et al 2001

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12
Q

Subglacial landforms form a bedform continuum

A

Rose 1987

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13
Q

Subglacial landforms are formed by different processes = distinct populations

A

Clark 1993

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14
Q

Approaches to studying subglacial landforms: morphometry

A

Smalley and Unwin 1968

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15
Q

Approaches to studying subglacial landforms: Sedimentology

A

Shaw et al 2000

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16
Q

Approaches to studying subglacial landforms: Modelling

A

Hindmarsh 1998

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17
Q

Eskers = sinuous elongate ridges of glacifluvial sand and gravel

A

Benn and Evans 1998

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18
Q

Eskers are 10s m high, 100s m wide, 1000s m long

A

Storrar et al 2014

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19
Q

Eskers can be deposited in beads of deposition in less than 24 hours

A

Burke et al 2008

20
Q

The main types of esker

A

Arren and Ashley 1994

21
Q

Concertina esker concept

A

Knudsen 1995

Brennand 2000

22
Q

Crevasse-fill ridges are related to glacier surges

A

Sharp 1985

23
Q

Crevasse-fill ridges aka geometric ridge

A

Bennett and Glasser 1996

24
Q

Some flutes may be erosional

A

Hart 1995

25
Q

Formation of flute from sediment deforming into the lower pressure cavity down ice from an obstacle

A

Boulton 1976

26
Q

Sub types of flutes

A

Benn and Evans 1996

27
Q

Drumlins recently found growing under Antarctica

A

King et al 2007

Smith et al 2007

28
Q

Drumlins can cross cut

A

Clark 1995

29
Q

Drumlins have a range of internal sediment types

A

Stokes et al 2011

30
Q

Drumlins - subglacial till deformation

A

Boulton 1987

31
Q

Drumlins - catastrophic subglacial meltwater floods

A

Shaw et al 1989

32
Q

Drumlins - instability theory

A

Stokes et al 2016

33
Q

Key of subglacial till deformation = even without resistant cores, instabilities develop in deforming till

A

Hindmarsh 1998

Clark 2010

34
Q

Where does the water come from for catastrophic meltwater flood drumlins?

A

Clarke et al 2005

35
Q

Drumlins - erodent layer hypothesis

A

Eyles et al 2016

36
Q

First reported and named MGSL in early 1990s

A

Clarks 1993

37
Q

Initial mechanism of MSGL

A

Clark 1993

38
Q

MSGL have recently been found under Rutford Ice Stream W Antarctica using radar/seismic data

A

King et al 2009

39
Q

MSGL could also be relating to groove ploughing

A

Clark et al 2003

40
Q

MSGL could be meltwater surges

A

Shaw et al 2008

41
Q

Rogen moraine genesis - shearing/stacking of subglacial sediment

A

Ayleswroth and Shilts 1989

Bouchard 1989

42
Q

Rogen moraine genesis; subglacial megafloods

A

Fisher and Shaw 1992

43
Q

Rogen moraine genesis; fracturing theory based on jigsaw pattern

A

Hättestrand and Kleman 1997

44
Q

Who systematically quantified the characteristics of rogen moraines

A

Dunlop and Clark 2002

45
Q

Drumlins, MSGLs and flutes are related in a bedform continuum

A

Stokes et al 2013

Aartio 1977
Rose and Later 1977
Rose 1987
Ely et al 2016

Glaciers and Glaciation (29 decks)

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