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behavioral health > week 6 notes > Flashcards

week 6 notes Flashcards

anorexia, bulimia, dementia, & delirium

1
Q

manifestations of anorexia nervosa

A

patches of hair loss on scalp
decreased vitals
anemia
constipation

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2
Q

a nurse is reviewing the lab results of a client who has bulimia nervosa. which of the following results should the nurse expect ?

  1. elevated potassium levels
  2. elevated thyroid hormone levels
  3. elevated sodium levels
  4. elevated pancreatic enzyme levels
A
  1. elevated pancreatic enzyme levels

*everything else is decreased

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3
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

self-induced restriction of nutritional intake leading to a significantly lower than normal body weight accompanied w distorted body image & fear of being fat

*rituals – tiny pieces, no food touching

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4
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

BINGEING on large amounts of food then PURGING through self-induced vomiting in an effort to prevent gaining weight

*abuse laxatives & diuretics

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5
Q

Binge eating disorder

A

recurrent episodes of bingeing accompanied by emotional distress

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6
Q

Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder

A

persistent failure to meet nutritional needs, inflexible eating behaviors, & fear based food restriction

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7
Q

Othorexia
vs
Diabulimia

A

Othorexia = obsession w healthy eating leading to disturbance in adequate nutritional intake

Diabulimia = person w type 1 DM redues/stops taking insulin to drop weight

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8
Q

Pica

A

consuming inedible objects
*children

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9
Q

rumination disorder

A

intentional regurgitation of food in a repetitive manner, the rechewing, reswallowing, or spitting it out

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10
Q

lanugo

A

*ANOREXIA
fine downy hair growth on skin

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11
Q

Russel’s sign

A

callouses & bruising on the knuckles resulting from self-induced vomiting by sticking one’s finger down the throat

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12
Q

Bulimia manifests as

A

at near or ideal body weight

parotid gland enlargement

Russels sign (calluses)

binge-purge cycle

dental erosion

skin problems
*hypokalemia
*GI problems
*dependency on laxatives

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13
Q

refeeding syndrome

A

dangerous shift of fluid & electrolytes that occur within the body when reintroduced too quickly = heart failure

**anorexia

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14
Q

“food is your medicine”

A

nursing intervention for eating disorders

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15
Q

diet to promote cognitive function in alzheimer’s patients

A

MIND diet
*mediterranean diet

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16
Q

gnosis vs praxis

A

gnosis = recognition of faces

praxis = imitating gestures or learned movements

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17
Q

medications for delirium include

A

benzo’s, barbituates, & anti-psychotics

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18
Q

Alzheimer’s Disease presents with

A

amyloid plaques & tau tangles
olfactory deficits
10 yr survival rate

19
Q

moderate Alzheimer’s presents with

A

-ASSISTANCE bathing & getting dressed

  • sundowning (worse at night)
  • confabulation (distorted memories)
  • aphasia
    -apraxia (inability to perform even with physical ability in tact)
  • agnosia (inability to recognize even w senses in tact )
20
Q

severe alzheimers presents with

A

*TOTAL CARE

  • agraphia = inability to read or write
  • hypermetamorphisis = feeling the need to touch everything in sight

-hyperorality = putting everything in the mouth

21
Q

Huntington’s Disease is evident on

A

chromosome 4

22
Q

music therapy for clients with Alzheimers..

A

evokes memories

23
Q

symptoms of delirium include

A

*HALLUCINATIONS
*VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES
confusion
irritability
hyperactivity
sweating tremors
tachycardia
impaired level of consciousness

24
Q

alzheimer’s disease is diagnosed using a

A

PET SCAN

25
Q

in clients with dementia, music therapy helps

A

improve appetite

26
Q

hospital admission criteria for eating disorders

A

less than 10% body fat
30% weight loss over 6mo
inability to gain weight outpatient

*danger to self

27
Q

Type 1 vs Type 2 Anorexia

A

Type 1 = restrict caloric intake

Type 2 = purging, laxatives, induced exercise

28
Q

manifestations of anorexia

A

*hypokalemia
- amenorrhea
- cachectic (muscle wasting)
- constipation
- decreased vitals
- dizziness / fainting
- lanugo (hypothermia)
- pallor
- palpitations

29
Q

4 items of nursing process when ASSESSING anorexia

A

safety
level of insight
understanding of disease
eat 75% of meals

30
Q

IMPLEMENTING nursing process for anorexia

A

*behavioral (privileges take away)

  • 30 min time frame to eat
  • weigh after void (same time & clothes)
  • observe patient while eating & 1 hour after
31
Q

medication for anorexia only

A

*Olanzipine –weight gain & obsessive thoughts

32
Q

medication for bulimia

A

*Fluoxetine – SSRI

bulimia + co-morbidity

33
Q

executive functioning involves

A

ability to manage daily tasks
decisions & planning

34
Q

delirium is a

A

comorbidity that affects the elderly & younger population

35
Q

delirium manifests

A

suddenly w/ elevated unstable vitals

*hallucinations
*illusions
*decreased visiospatial ability

decreased functioning & focus
labile (moody)
restless
anxious
motor agitation
sundowning (worse @ night)

36
Q

3 types of delirium

A
  1. Hyperactive = mood swings
  2. Hypoactive = drowsy & least recognized
  3. Mixed = switching
37
Q

interventions for delirium

A

*well-lit room w low level stimuli

  • fall risk = socks
  • reality orientation
  • introduction w each interaction
  • 1:1 sitter
  • room close to nursing station
38
Q

primary vs secondary dementia

A

primary= irreversible

secondary = delirium not treated causing dementia

39
Q

dementia defense mechanisms

A

avoidance of questions
confabulation
denial
preservation (repeats to avoid ?)

40
Q

dementia manifests as (4 a’s)

A

amnesia
agnosia = loss of sensations
aphasia = loss of words
apraxia = loss of movement

41
Q

3 medications for mild to moderate alzheimers

A

** take @ END of day
Donepezil hydrochloride

Galantamine hydrobromide

Rivastigmine tartrate

*slows progression
* GI side effects - n/v/d
*bradycardia
*syncope

42
Q

medication for moderate to severe AD

A

Memantine hydrochloride

limited benefits

causes:
headache
dizziness
constipation

43
Q

dementia defense mechanisms

A

denial
confabulation
preservation
avoidance of questions

behavioral health (12 decks)

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