Week 6 (Catiline v. Cicero, Pompey v. Caesar)

Question 1

• 83 BC: Pompey offers an army to _____; commands in Gaul, Sicily Africa, Spain
• 70 BC: shares consulship with M. Licinius _______
• 67 BC: Gabinian Law (Pompey given authority to take care of _______)
• 66 BC: Manilian Law (Third Mithridatic War, vs. Mithridates VI)
• Pompey as foreign policy maker: _____ becomes Roman province (63 BC), mediation of civil war in Judaea

Answer 1

Sulla
Crassus
pirates
Syria

Question 2

• Pompey returns to Rome in 62 BC, Senate does not confirm his foreign policy decisions or grant ____ to his war veterans
  
  • Granted 3rd triumph in 61 BC
  • Portrait gives ode to that portraits of _________ ___ _____
  • Theater of Pompey (with Temple of Venus Victrix) dedicated to him in 55 BC

Answer 2

land
Alexander the Great

Question 3

• M. Tullius Cicero: educated influential lawyer, novus homo in 63 BC vs. Catiline
  
  • Catiline conspiracy = runs populares campaign but loses, raises army, intends to aim dissatisfaction at the optimates
    Julius Caesar Early Political Career
• Nephew of Marius, husband of Cornelia (daughter of Cinna): led to exile under _____
• began as quaestor in Spain, aedile (65 BC), pontifex maximus (63 BC), praetor (62 BC), propraetor in Spain (61 BC)
• Caesar was known for his _________ (mercy) to his defeated opponents

Answer 3

Sulla
clementia

Question 4

First Triumvirate
- Legislation favorable to the First Triumvirate and new land law: Pompey (Senate confirmation of diplomacy in E Medit., land for veterans), Caesar (gains the ___________ in 59 BC), Crassus (reduction of allied publicani’s debts)
- Caesar appointed ________ of Cisalpine Gaul, Illyria, Transalpine Gaul (58 BC)
- Crassus’ failed invasion of Parthia (54-53 BC)
- Pompey becomes Senate’s ally; Julia dies (Pompey’s wife, also Caesar’s _________) = growing tension
- Milo (______’s ally) vs. Clodius (______’s ally) = violence in the streets and Senate house burned down

Answer 4

consulship
governor
daughter
Pompey’s, Caesar’s

Question 5

First Triumvirate Continued
- Pompey becomes sole consul (52 BC), command in Africa and Spain extended
- Senate majority proposes Caesar gives up command (50 BC); Pompey authorized to defend the Republic (49 BC)
- Caesar crosses the ________, Pompey and Senate majority flee to Macedonia
Second Roman Civil War
- Caesar becomes dictator (49 BC), consul (48 BC)
- Takes care of Pompey’s allies in North Africa & Spain
- Defeats Pompey (Battle of _________) in 48 BC, Pompey is murdered in _____

Answer 5

Rubicon
Pharsalus, Egypt

Question 6

Caesar as Dictator
- 45 BC declared dictator for life
- Reforms: ______ calendar, extending citizenship (ex. Gauls, building projects (new forum, renovations to existing forum (Curia Julia, Basilica Julia), founding ________ across empire (ex. Carthage, Corinth)
- Killed March 15, 44 BC by assassins led by ______ and ______

Answer 6

Julian, colonies
Brutus and Cassius

Question 7

Reading Quiz Takeaways
- Catiline conspiracy: intended to assemble an army in northern Italy to march on and take over ____; order the murder of his opponents in the ______.
- In the second Roman civil war, Caesar defeated Pompey at the Battle of _________ in Greece (Thessaly)

Answer 7

Rome, Senate
Pharsalus