Week 6-Basal Ganglia Flashcards
The Dorsolateral striatum is made up of the _____ and ____
Caudate and putamen
The ventral striatum is made up of the ___ and ___
nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle
What are the 6 parts of the basal ganglia?
globus pallidus, dorsal lateral striatum, ventral striatum, ventral pallium, substania nigra, and subthalamic nucleus
What is Hyperkinesia?
spontaneous movements that can not be voluntarily controlled
What is Hypokinesia?
marked by a paucity of movements, although the motivation and muscular ability is intact
what types of movements occur in Chorea?
spontaneous “dance like” movements (Huntington’s chorea)
what kind of movements occur during Athetosis and where?
a writhing combination of movements (most often of the hands)
What happens during Dystonia?
joint or postural freezing due to antagonistic coactivation; idiopathic torsional dystonia; spasmodic torticollis
What kind of movements happen during Ballismus?
rapid flailing movements of the extremities
What is a Tic?
similar to chorea but single movements repeat, not random
The loss of what kind of neurons in what area is impacted in the nigrostriatal pathway?
Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia migration pars compact
What is a tremor?
Involuntary rhythmic of agonist/antagonist muscles of the upper extremity, lower extremity or face
What is rigidity?
This usually manifests as complaints of muscle stiffness
What is bradykinesia?
Slow movement, difficulty initiating and carrying out purposeful movements
What is postural instability?
Problems with standing or walking or impaired balance and coordination due to loss of balance
