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PAR2032 - Mental Health > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for OCD?

A

A. presence of obsessions, compulsions or both

B. compulsions are time consuming or cause clinically significant distress

C. not attributable to physiological effects of substance abuse

D. the disturbance is not better explained by other mental disorder

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2
Q

What is the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for panic disorders?

A

A. recurrant unexpected panic attacks with 4 or more of the following symptoms:

  • palpitations
  • sweating
  • trembling, shaking
  • sensations of SOB
  • feelings of choking
  • chest pain
  • nausea or abdo distress
  • feeling dizzy
  • chills or heat sensations
  • parasthesia
  • derealisation
  • fear of losing control
  • fear of dying

B. at least on of the attachs has been followed by 1 month of one or both of the following:
- persistent concern or worry about additional attacks

  • significant maladaptive change in behaviour related to attacks
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3
Q

In DSM5 for PTSD what falls under the following criteria

A. Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, sexual violence in one or more of the following ways:

A
  1. directly experiencing the traumatic event
  2. witnessing in person
  3. learning that the traumatic event occured close to family member
  4. experiencing repeated or extreme exposure
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4
Q

Many medical disorders display anxiety as a primary symptom, which disorders are these?

A 
Angine and myocardial infarction
cardiac dysrhythmias
pulmonary embolus
asthma
hyperthyroidism
hypoglycaemia
transient ischaemic attacks
seizures
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5
Q

Whata re the core symptoms of PTSD?

A

Core symptoms are:

  • presence of intrusive symptoms
  • persistent avoidance
  • negative alterations in mood and cognitions
  • presence of arrousal symptoms
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6
Q

In DSM5 for PTSD what falls under the following criteria

D. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with the traumatic event:

A
  1. inability to remember an important aspect of the event
  2. persistent and exxaggerated negative beliefs
  3. persistent, distorted cognitions about the cause of consequences of the traumatic event
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7
Q

PTSD is recognised as a psychiatric disorder associated with…?

A

long term changes in the brain and stress response systems

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8
Q

In DSM5 for PTSD what falls under the following criteria

E. Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event

A
  1. irritable behaviour
  2. reckless or self-destructive behaviour
  3. hyper vigilance
  4. exaggerated startle response
  5. problems with concentration
  6. sleep disturbances
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9
Q

What are the categories of anxiety disorders in the DSM 5?

A

Anxiety disorders
Obsessive compulsive related disorders
Trauma and stressor related disorders

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10
Q

What is the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for generalised anxiety disorder?

A

A. excessive anxiety and worry occuring more days than not for last 6 months

B. difficult to control worry

C. Associated with 3 or more of the following symptoms:

  • restlessness
  • being easily fatigued
  • difficulty concentrating
  • irritability
  • muscle tension
  • sleep disturbance

D. cause significant distress

E. not attributable to the physiological effects of substance abuse or other medical condition

F. not better explained by other mental disorder

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11
Q

In DSM5 for PTSD what falls under the following criteria

B. presence of one or more of the following intrusion symptoms:

A
  1. reccurrent involuntary and intrusive distressing memories
  2. recurrent distressing dreams
  3. dissociative reactions
  4. intense prolonged psychological distress
  5. marked physiological reactions
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12
Q

what are some causes of anxiety?

A

medical condition
medication
substance abuse
genetic
environmental eg. early childhood trauma
biological factors eg serotonin in the brain
psychological theories eg classical conditioning

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13
Q

What is the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD?

A

A. Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, sexual violence in one or more ways.

B. presence of one or more intrusion symptoms

C. persistant avoidance of stimilu associated with event

D. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with the traumatic event

E. Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event

F. Duration of disturbance longer than 1 month

G. disturbance causes significant distress or impairment

H. disturbance not attributable to physiological effects of substance abuse

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14
Q

What are some treatments for anxiety?

A
  • Trauma-focussed cognitive behavioural therapy
  • eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation
  • Deep breathing/relaxation exercises
  • Pharmacology
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15
Q

what is the prevailance of PTSD among abulance services?

A

20%

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16
Q

What is a panic attack?

A

an abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes.

17
Q

Explain compulsions in relation to OCD?

A
  1. repetitive behaviours or mental acts

2. behaviours aimed at reducing anxiety or distress or preventing dreaded situation

18
Q

In DSM5 for PTSD what falls under the following criteria

C. persistant avoidance of stimilu associated with event:

A
  1. efforts to avois distressing memories

2. efforts to avoid external reminders

19
Q

what are the 5 most common anxiety disorders usually seen?

A 
Specific phobias
Panic disorders
Generalised anxiety disorder
OCD
PTSD
20
Q

Explain obsessions in relation to OCD?

A
  1. recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images

2. attempts to ignore compulsions with other thought or action

21
Q

What areas of the brain does PTSD appear to affect?

A

Amygdala, hippocampus and frontal cortex

22
Q

How does cognitive theory explain anxiety?

A

the tendency to overestimate the potential for danger

23
Q

What is the DSM5 diagnostic criteria for specific phobias?

A
  • marked fear or anxiety about specific object or situation
  • phobic situation almost always provoked immediate fear or anxiety
  • phobic object is avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety
  • fear os out of proportion to the actual danger
  • anxiety and fear is persistent, typically lasting 6 months or more
  • causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other areas
  • disturbance is not better explained by another mental disorder
24
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of trauma experience in relation to PTSD vulnerability?

A

Proximity
Severity
Duration
Repetition

PAR2032 - Mental Health (12 decks)

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